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Cell

Title:		Crystal structure of a MAT alpha 2 homeodomain-operator complex suggests a general model for homeodomain-DNA interactions
Author(s):		Wolberger C; Vershon AK; Liu B; Johnson AD; Pabo CO;
Address:		"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205-2185"
Journal Title:		Cell
Year:		1991
Volume:		67
Issue:		3
Page Number:		517 - 528
DOI:		10.1016/0092-8674(91)90526-5
ISSN/ISBN:		0092-8674 (Print) 0092-8674 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The MAT alpha 2 homeodomain regulates the expression of cell type-specific genes in yeast. We have determined the 2.7 A resolution crystal structure of the alpha 2 homeodomain bound to a biologically relevant DNA sequence. The DNA in this complex is contacted primarily by the third of three alpha-helices, with additional contacts coming from an N-terminal arm. Comparison of the yeast alpha 2 and the Drosophila engrailed homeodomain-DNA complexes shows that the protein fold is highly conserved, despite a 3-residue insertion in alpha 2 and only 27% sequence identity between the two homeodomains. Moreover, the orientation of the recognition helix on the DNA is also conserved. This docking arrangement is maintained by side chain contacts with the DNA--primarily the sugar-phosphate backbone--that are identical in alpha 2 and engrailed. Since these residues are conserved among all homeodomains, we propose that the contacts with the DNA are also conserved and suggest a general model for homeodomain-DNA interactions"
Keywords:		"Base Sequence Crystallography DNA, Fungal/chemistry/genetics/ultrastructure DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*ultrastructure Fungal Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*ultrastructure *Genes, Homeobox Mating Factor Models, Molecular Molecular Sequence Data;"
Notes:		"MedlineWolberger, C Vershon, A K Liu, B Johnson, A D Pabo, C O eng GM31471/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ GM37049-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ Comparative Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. 1991/11/01 Cell. 1991 Nov 1; 67(3):517-28. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90526-5"