| Title: | "Behavioral Responses of Pityophthorus juglandis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) to Volatiles of Black Walnut and Geosmithia morbida (Ascomycota: Hypocreales: Bionectriaceae), the Causal Agent of Thousand Cankers Disease" |
| Author(s): | Blood BL; Klingeman WE; Paschen MA; Hadziabdic E; Couture JJ; Ginzel MD; |
| Address: | "Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette. Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Clemson University, Clemson. Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1938-2936 (Electronic) 0046-225X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Thousand cankers disease (TCD) is a pest complex formed by the association of the walnut twig beetle (WTB), Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), with the fungal pathogen Geosmithia morbida Kolarik, Freeland, Utley and Tisserat (Ascomycota: Hypocreales: Bionectriaceae). Current monitoring and detection efforts for WTB rely on a pheromone lure that is effective over a limited distance while plant- and fungal-derived volatiles that may facilitate host location remain poorly understood. In this study, we test the hypothesis that adult beetles are attracted to volatiles of black walnut, Juglans nigra L. (Juglandaceae), and the pathogen, G. morbida. We measured the response of beetles to head-space volatiles collected from leaves and stems of 12 genotypes of black walnut and found genotypic variation in the attractiveness of host trees to adult WTB. Volatile profiles of the most attractive genotypes contained more alpha-pinene and beta-pinene, and adult beetles were attracted to both of these compounds in olfactometer bioassays. In bioassays, we also demonstrated that adult WTB are attracted to volatiles of G. morbida. These findings suggest that, in addition to the aggregation pheromone, dispersing WTB potentially use host plant and fungal volatiles to locate suitable larval hosts. Finally, we conducted a field experiment to determine the extent to which ethanol, a common attractant for bark beetles, and limonene, a known bark beetle repellent, influence the behavior of adult WTB to pheromone-baited traps. Although ethanol did not increase trap capture, WTB were repelled by limonene, suggesting that this compound could be used to manipulate and manage WTB populations" |
| Keywords: | "Animals Behavior, Animal/*drug effects Cyclohexenes Ethanol Female Genotype Hypocreales/*chemistry Juglans/*chemistry/genetics Limonene Male Olfactometry Terpenes Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis/*pharmacology Weevils/*drug effects;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineBlood, B L Klingeman, W E Paschen, M A Hadziabdic, Eth Couture, J J Ginzel, M D eng Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. England 2018/01/27 Environ Entomol. 2018 Apr 5; 47(2):412-421. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvx194" |
