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Environ Res

Title:		"Characteristics, formation, and sources of PM(2.5) in 2020 in Suzhou, Yangtze River Delta, China"
Author(s):		Li Y; Zhu B; Lei Y; Li C; Wang H; Huang C; Zhou M; Miao Q; Wei H; Wu Y; Zhang X; Ding H; Yang Q; Zou Q; Huang D; Ge X; Wang J;
Address:		"School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, PR China; Suzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Suzhou, 215011, PR China. School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, PR China. Electronic address: binzhu@nuist.edu.cn. Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China. Suzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Suzhou, 215011, PR China. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex??eShanghai Academy of Environment Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, PR China. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex??eShanghai Academy of Environment Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, PR China. Electronic address: dhuang.deborah@gmail.com. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, PR China. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, PR China. Electronic address: wangjunfengnuist@163.com"
Journal Title:		Environ Res
Year:		2022
Volume:		20220530
Issue:		Pt D
Page Number:		113545 -
DOI:		10.1016/j.envres.2022.113545
ISSN/ISBN:		1096-0953 (Electronic) 0013-9351 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Here we present seasonal chemical characteristics, formations, sources of PM(2.5) in the year 2020 in Suzhou, Yangtze River Delta, China. Expectedly, organic matter (OM) found to be the most dominant component of PM(2.5), with a year-average value of 10.3 +/- 5.5 mug m(-3), followed by NO(3)(-) (6.7 +/- 6.5 mug m(-3)), SO(4)(2-) (3.3 +/- 2.5 mug m(-3)), NH(4)(+) (3.2 +/- 2.8 mug m(-3)), EC (1.1 +/- 1.3 mug m(-3)), Cl(-) (0.57 +/- 0.56 mug m(-3)), Ca(2+) (0.55 +/- 0.91 mug m(-3)), K(+) (0.2 +/- 1.0 mug m(-3)), Na(+) (0.18 +/- 0.45 mug m(-3)), and Mg(2+) (0.09 +/- 0.15 mug m(-3)). Seasonal variations of PM(2.5) showed the highest average value in spring, followed by winter, fall, and summer. Meanwhile, the formation mechanisms of the major PM(2.5) species (NO(3)(-), SO(4)(2-), and OM) varied in seasons. Interestingly, NO(2) may have the highest conversion rate to NO(3)(-) in spring, which might be linked with the nighttime chemistry due to the high relative humidity. Moreover, OM in summer was mainly produced by the daytime oxidation of volatile organic compounds, while local primary organic aerosols might play a significant role in other seasons. Source apportionment showed that the more-aged PM(2.5) contributed significantly to the PM(2.5) mass (42%), followed by the dust-related PM(2.5) (38%) and the less-aged PM(2.5) (21%). Potential contribution source function (PSCF) results indicated that aged PM(2.5) were less affected by transportation than dust-related PM(2.5)"
Keywords:		Aerosols/analysis *Air Pollutants/analysis China Dust/analysis Environmental Monitoring/methods Particulate Matter/analysis *Rivers/chemistry Seasons Pm(2.5) Pscf Positive matrix factorization Secondary inorganic aerosol Yangtze river delta;
Notes:		"MedlineLi, Yue'e Zhu, Bin Lei, Yali Li, Changping Wang, Hongli Huang, Cheng Zhou, Minfeng Miao, Qing Wei, Heng Wu, Yezheng Zhang, Xiaohua Ding, Huangda Yang, Qian Zou, Qiang Huang, Dandan Ge, Xinlei Wang, Junfeng eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2022/06/03 Environ Res. 2022 Sep; 212(Pt D):113545. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113545. Epub 2022 May 30"