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Sci Total Environ

Title:		Exhaust and evaporative emissions from motorcycles fueled with ethanol gasoline blends
Author(s):		Li L; Ge Y; Wang M; Peng Z; Song Y; Zhang L; Yuan W;
Address:		"National Lab of Auto Performance & Emission Test, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. National Lab of Auto Performance & Emission Test, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China. Electronic address: geyunshan@bit.edu.cn. National Lab of Auto Performance & Emission Test, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China. Motorcycle Test Technology Institute Of China South Industries Group Corporation, Xian, 710032, China"
Journal Title:		Sci Total Environ
Year:		2015
Volume:		20141007
Issue:
Page Number:		627 - 631
DOI:		10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.068
ISSN/ISBN:		1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The emission characteristics of motorcycles using gasoline and E10 (90% gasoline and 10% ethanol by volume) were investigated in this article. Exhaust and evaporative emissions of three motorcycles were investigated on the chassis dynamometer over the Urban Driving Cycle (UDC) and in the Sealed Housing for Evaporative Determination (SHED) including regulated and unregulated emissions. The regulated emissions were detected by an exhaust gas analyzer directly. The unregulated emissions including carbonyls and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were sampled through battery-operated air pumps using tubes coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) and Tenax TA, respectively. The experimental results showed that the emission factors of total hydrocarbons (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO) from E10 fueling motorcycles decreased by 26%-45% and 63%-73%, while the emission factor of NOx increased by 36%-54% compared with those from gasoline fueling motorcycles. For unregulated emissions, the emission amount of VOCs from motorcycles fueled with E10 decreased by 18%-31% while total carbonyls were 2.6-4.5 times higher than those for gasoline. For evaporative emissions of THC and VOCs, for gasoline or E10, the diurnal breathing loss (DBL) was higher than hot soak loss (HSL). Using E10 as a fuel does not make much difference in the amount of evaporative THC, while resulted in a slightly growth of 14%-17% for evaporative BETX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene)"
Keywords:		Air Pollutants/*analysis Benzene/analysis Carbon Monoxide/analysis Environmental Monitoring *Ethanol *Gasoline *Motorcycles Toluene/analysis Vehicle Emissions/*analysis Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis Xylenes/analysis Btex Ethanol Evaporative emission;
Notes:		"MedlineLi, Lan Ge, Yunshan Wang, Mingda Peng, Zihang Song, Yanan Zhang, Liwei Yuan, Wanli eng Netherlands 2014/10/11 Sci Total Environ. 2015 Jan 1; 502:627-31. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.068. Epub 2014 Oct 7"