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Waste Manag

Title:		Physical and chemical characterization of waste wood derived biochars
Author(s):		Yargicoglu EN; Sadasivam BY; Reddy KR; Spokas K;
Address:		"University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA. Electronic address: eyargi2@uic.edu. University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA. Electronic address: bsadas2@uic.edu. University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Civil and Materials Engineering, 842 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA. Electronic address: kreddy@uic.edu. U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), University of Minnesota, Department of Soil, Water and Climate, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, 439 Borlaug Hall, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. Electronic address: kurt.spokas@ars.usda.gov"
Journal Title:		Waste Manag
Year:		2015
Volume:		20141125
Issue:
Page Number:		256 - 268
DOI:		10.1016/j.wasman.2014.10.029
ISSN/ISBN:		1879-2456 (Electronic) 0956-053X (Linking)
Abstract:		"Biochar, a solid byproduct generated during waste biomass pyrolysis or gasification in the absence (or near-absence) of oxygen, has recently garnered interest for both agricultural and environmental management purposes owing to its unique physicochemical properties. Favorable properties of biochar include its high surface area and porosity, and ability to adsorb a variety of compounds, including nutrients, organic contaminants, and some gases. Physical and chemical properties of biochars are dictated by the feedstock and production processes (pyrolysis or gasification temperature, conversion technology and pre- and post-treatment processes, if any), which vary widely across commercially produced biochars. In this study, several commercially available biochars derived from waste wood are characterized for physical and chemical properties that can signify their relevant environmental applications. Parameters characterized include: physical properties (particle size distribution, specific gravity, density, porosity, surface area), hydraulic properties (hydraulic conductivity and water holding capacity), and chemical and electrochemical properties (organic matter and organic carbon contents, pH, oxidation-reduction potential and electrical conductivity, zeta potential, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen (CHN) elemental composition, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals, and leachable PAHs and heavy metals). A wide range of fixed carbon (0-47.8%), volatile matter (28-74.1%), and ash contents (1.5-65.7%) were observed among tested biochars. A high variability in surface area (0.1-155.1g/m(2)) and PAH and heavy metal contents of the solid phase among commercially available biochars was also observed (0.7-83 mg kg(-1)), underscoring the importance of pre-screening biochars prior to application. Production conditions appear to dictate PAH content--with the highest PAHs observed in biochar produced via fast pyrolysis and lowest among the gasification-produced biochars"
Keywords:		Adsorption Biomass Charcoal/*analysis *Incineration Wood/*chemistry Biochar Biomass pyrolysis Carbon sequestration Heavy metals PAHs Waste wood;
Notes:		"MedlineYargicoglu, Erin N Sadasivam, Bala Yamini Reddy, Krishna R Spokas, Kurt eng Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2014/12/04 Waste Manag. 2015 Feb; 36:256-68. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.10.029. Epub 2014 Nov 25"