| Title: | The Tyrosine Aminomutase TAM1 Is Required for beta-Tyrosine Biosynthesis in Rice |
| Author(s): | Yan J; Aboshi T; Teraishi M; Strickler SR; Spindel JE; Tung CW; Takata R; Matsumoto F; Maesaka Y; McCouch SR; Okumoto Y; Mori N; Jander G; |
| Address: | "Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 808-8502, Japan. Section of Plant Breeding and Genetics, School of Integrated Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853. Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, New York 14853 gj32@cornell.edu" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1532-298X (Electronic) 1040-4651 (Print) 1040-4651 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Non-protein amino acids, often isomers of the standard 20 protein amino acids, have defense-related functions in many plant species. A targeted search for jasmonate-induced metabolites in cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) identified (R)-beta-tyrosine, an isomer of the common amino acid (S)-alpha-tyrosine in the seeds, leaves, roots, and root exudates of the Nipponbare cultivar. Assays with 119 diverse cultivars showed a distinct presence/absence polymorphism, with beta-tyrosine being most prevalent in temperate japonica cultivars. Genetic mapping identified a candidate gene on chromosome 12, which was confirmed to encode a tyrosine aminomutase (TAM1) by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana and in vitro enzyme assays. A point mutation in TAM1 eliminated beta-tyrosine production in Nipponbare. Rice cultivars that do not produce beta-tyrosine have a chromosome 12 deletion that encompasses TAM1. Although beta-tyrosine accumulation was induced by the plant defense signaling molecule jasmonic acid, bioassays with hemipteran and lepidopteran herbivores showed no negative effects at physiologically relevant beta-tyrosine concentrations. In contrast, root growth of Arabidopsis thaliana and other tested dicot plants was inhibited by concentrations as low as 1 muM. As beta-tyrosine is exuded into hydroponic medium at higher concentrations, it may contribute to the allelopathic potential of rice" |
| Keywords: | "Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Oryza/*enzymology/*metabolism Plant Proteins/genetics/*metabolism Tyrosine/*biosynthesis;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineYan, Jian Aboshi, Takako Teraishi, Masayoshi Strickler, Susan R Spindel, Jennifer E Tung, Chih-Wei Takata, Ryo Matsumoto, Fuka Maesaka, Yoshihiro McCouch, Susan R Okumoto, Yutaka Mori, Naoki Jander, Georg eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. England 2015/04/23 Plant Cell. 2015 Apr; 27(4):1265-78. doi: 10.1105/tpc.15.00058. Epub 2015 Apr 21" |
