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J Biosci Bioeng

Title:		Suppression of Alternaria brassicicola infection by volatile compounds from spent mushroom substrates
Author(s):		Fujita R; Yokono M; Ube N; Okuda Y; Ushijima S; Fukushima-Sakuno E; Ueno K; Osaki-Oka K; Ishihara A;
Address:		"Graduate School of Sustainability Science, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan. Technical Department, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan. Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori 680-0001, Japan. The Tottori Mycological Institute, The Japan Kinoko Research Center Foundation, Tottori 689-1125, Japan. Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan. Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan. Electronic address: aishihara@tottori-u.ac.jp"
Journal Title:		J Biosci Bioeng
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210416
Issue:		1
Page Number:		25 - 32
DOI:		10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.03.003
ISSN/ISBN:		1347-4421 (Electronic) 1347-4421 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Most commercially circulating mushrooms are produced via cultivation using artificially produced mushroom substrates. However, after mushroom harvesting, the disposal of spent mushroom substrates (SMSs) is a serious problem for the mushroom industry owing to the need for a disposal site and the cost involved. Thus, in view of the possibility of recycling SMSs as a soil modifier, we examined the effect of soil mixed with SMSs on the infection of Arabidopsis leaves by Alternaria brassicicola, the causal agent of cabbage leaf spot. The mixing of SMSs used for Hypsizygus marmoreus, Pholiota microspora, Lyophyllum decastes, and Auricularia polytricha into culture soil suppressed the lesion formation caused by A. brassicicola. The defense responses of Arabidopsis were not induced by the culturing of these seedlings in soils containing SMSs. Suppressed lesion formation was observed after the seedlings were treated with volatiles emitted from SMSs that were incubated with soil for 7 days and used for H. marmoreus, P. microspora, L. decastes, A. polytricha, Lentinula edodes, and Cyclocybe cylindracea. The volatiles from the SMSs reduced the elongation of A. brassicicola hyphae. GC-MS analyses of extracts from the SMS containing soils led to the detection of various volatile compounds; among these, skatole, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, gamma-dodecalactone, butyric acid, guaiacol, 6-amyl-2-pyrone, and 1-octen-3-ol were examined for inhibitory activity on A. brassicicola and found to suppress hyphae elongation. These findings indicate that the antifungal volatile compounds emitted by the SMSs suppress A. brassicicola infection"
Keywords:		Agaricales/*chemistry Alternaria/drug effects/*physiology Arabidopsis/microbiology Brassica/microbiology Plant Diseases/microbiology Soil Volatile Organic Compounds/*pharmacology Waste Products/analysis Alternaria brassicicola Arabidopsis Mushroom Spent m;
Notes:		"MedlineFujita, Rina Yokono, Mizuki Ube, Naoki Okuda, Yasuhito Ushijima, Shuji Fukushima-Sakuno, Emi Ueno, Kotomi Osaki-Oka, Kumiko Ishihara, Atsushi eng Japan 2021/04/20 J Biosci Bioeng. 2021 Jul; 132(1):25-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.03.003. Epub 2021 Apr 16"