| Title: | Convergent evolution of semiochemicals across Kingdoms: bark beetles and their fungal symbionts |
| Author(s): | Zhao T; Ganji S; Schiebe C; Bohman B; Weinstein P; Krokene P; Borg-Karlson AK; Unelius CR; |
| Address: | "Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, 382 91, Kalmar, Sweden. tao.zhao@oru.se. Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden. tao.zhao@oru.se. School of Science and Technology, Orebro University, 701 82, Orebro, Sweden. tao.zhao@oru.se. Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, 382 91, Kalmar, Sweden. School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, 1431, As, Norway. Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden" |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41396-019-0370-7 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1751-7370 (Electronic) 1751-7362 (Print) 1751-7362 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Convergent evolution of semiochemical use in organisms from different Kingdoms is a rarely described phenomenon. Tree-killing bark beetles vector numerous symbiotic blue-stain fungi that help the beetles colonize healthy trees. Here we show for the first time that some of these fungi are able to biosynthesize bicyclic ketals that are pheromones and other semiochemicals of bark beetles. Volatile emissions of five common bark beetle symbionts were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. When grown on fresh Norway spruce bark the fungi emitted three well-known bark beetle aggregation pheromones and semiochemicals (exo-brevicomin, endo-brevicomin and trans-conophthorin) and two structurally related semiochemical candidates (exo-1,3-dimethyl-2,9-dioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane and endo-1,3-dimethyl-2,9-dioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane) that elicited electroantennogram responses in the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus. When grown on malt agar with (13)C D-Glucose, the fungus Grosmannia europhioides incorporated (13)C into exo-brevicomin and trans-conophthorin. The enantiomeric compositions of the fungus-produced ketals closely matched those previously reported from bark beetles. The production of structurally complex bark beetle pheromones by symbiotic fungi indicates cross-kingdom convergent evolution of signal use in this system. This signaling is susceptible to disruption, providing potential new targets for pest control in conifer forests and plantations" |
| Keywords: | "Animals *Biological Evolution Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/metabolism Coleoptera/growth & development/*microbiology/physiology Fungi/classification/*genetics/isolation & purification/physiology Pheromones/chemistry/*metabolism Picea/microbiolog;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineZhao, Tao Ganji, Suresh Schiebe, Christian Bohman, Bjorn Weinstein, Philip Krokene, Paal Borg-Karlson, Anna-Karin Unelius, C Rikard eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2019/02/17 ISME J. 2019 Jun; 13(6):1535-1545. doi: 10.1038/s41396-019-0370-7. Epub 2019 Feb 15" |
