| Title: | Dynamics and origin of cytokinins involved in plant manipulation by a leaf-mining insect |
| Author(s): | Zhang H; Guiguet A; Dubreuil G; Kisiala A; Andreas P; Emery RJN; Huguet E; Body M; Giron D; |
| Address: | "Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR 7261, CNRS/Universite Francois-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France. Departement de Biologie, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Lyon, France. Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan. Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Canada. Division of Plant Sciences, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1744-7917 (Electronic) 1672-9609 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Several herbivorous insects and plant-associated microorganisms control the phytohormonal balance, thus enabling them to successfully exploit the plant by inhibiting plant defenses and withdrawing plant resources for their own benefit. The leaf-mining moth Phyllonorycter blancardella modifies the cytokinin (CK) profile of mined leaf-tissues, and the insect symbiotic bacteria Wolbachia is involved in the plant manipulation to the benefit of the insect host. To gain a deeper understanding into the possible origin and dynamics of CKs, we conducted an extensive characterization of CKs in larvae and in infected apple leaves. Our results show the enhanced CK levels in mines, both on green and yellow leaves, allowing insects to control their nutritional supply under fluctuating environmental conditions. The spatial distribution of CKs within the mined leaves shows that hormone manipulation is strictly limited to the mine suggesting the absence of CK translocation from distant leaf areas toward the insect feeding site. Mass spectrometry analyses reveal that major CK types accumulating in mines and larvae are similar to what is observed for most gall-inducers, suggesting that strategies underlying the plant manipulation may be shared between herbivorous insects with distinct life histories. Results further show that CKs are detected in the highest levels in larvae, reinforcing our hypothesis that CKs accumulating in the mines originate from the insect itself. Presence of bacteria-specific methylthio-CKs is consistent with previous results suggesting that insect bacterial symbionts contribute to the observed phenotype. Our study provides key findings toward the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying this intricate plant-insect-microbe interaction" |
| Keywords: | Animals Cytokinins/*metabolism *Host-Parasite Interactions Larva/physiology Malus/*metabolism Moths/*physiology Plant Leaves/metabolism cytokinins insect bacterial symbionts leaf-miners phytohormones plant manipulation plant-insect-microbe interactions; |
| Notes: | "MedlineZhang, Hui Guiguet, Antoine Dubreuil, Geraldine Kisiala, Anna Andreas, Peter Emery, R J Neil Huguet, Elisabeth Body, Melanie Giron, David eng Australia 2017/06/22 Insect Sci. 2017 Dec; 24(6):1065-1078. doi: 10.1111/1744-7917.12500. Epub 2017 Aug 8" |
