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Ecotoxicol Environ Saf

Title:		Comparison of rates of direct and indirect migration of phosphorus flame retardants from flame-retardant-treated polyester curtains to indoor dust
Author(s):		Tokumura M; Ogo S; Kume K; Muramatsu K; Wang Q; Miyake Y; Amagai T; Makino M;
Address:		"Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan. Shizuoka Institute of Environment and Hygiene, Shizuoka, Japan. Tokyo City University, Tokyo, Japan. Department of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan. Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan. Electronic address: y-miyake@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp. Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan. Electronic address: amagai@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp"
Journal Title:		Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
Year:		2019
Volume:		169
Issue:
Page Number:		464 - 469
DOI:		10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.052
ISSN/ISBN:		1090-2414 (Electronic) 0147-6513 (Linking)
Abstract:		"In this study, the pathways for migration of phosphorus flame retardants (PFRs), tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCPP) and tricresyl phosphate (TCsP) which were detected from curtains often, from flame-retardant-treated polyester curtains to indoor dust were investigated. Two possible migration pathways were compared quantitatively: (1) an indirect pathway in which the PFRs in the curtains first evaporate from the curtains and are then adsorbed onto indoor dust and (2) a direct pathway in which the PFRs are directly transferred to dust placed on the curtains. The contribution of the indirect pathway was evaluated by means of emission cell tests, which showed that the area-specific emission rates from curtains treated with PFRs were 0.044 (TDCPP, Curtain 5), 0.17 (TDCPP, Curtain 8), and 0.060 (TCsP, Curtain 12) mug m(-2) h(-1) at 20?ª+ degrees C (averaged during 24?ª+h). The contribution of the direct pathway was evaluated by measurement of the time dependence of PFR concentrations on the indoor dust placed on the curtains. These measurements indicated that PFR concentrations on the dust increased with time and that the direct migration rates of PFRs from curtains treated with PFRs were 4.4 (TDCPP, Curtain 5), 12 (TDCPP, Curtain 8), and 7.0 (TCsP, Curtain 12) mug m(-2) h(-1) at 20?ª+ degrees C (averaged during 24?ª+h), or 71-120 times the indirect migration rate. This result suggests that the direct pathway can be expected to predominate"
Keywords:		"Air Pollution, Indoor/*analysis Dust/*analysis Environmental Monitoring/*methods Flame Retardants/*analysis Humans Organophosphates/*analysis Polyesters/*chemistry Volatilization Curtain Emission rate Indoor dust Migration pathway Phosphorus flame retarda;"
Notes:		"MedlineTokumura, Masahiro Ogo, Sayaka Kume, Kazunari Muramatsu, Kosuke Wang, Qi Miyake, Yuichi Amagai, Takashi Makino, Masakazu eng Netherlands 2018/11/26 Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Mar; 169:464-469. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.052"