| Title: | Modulation of plant defense responses to herbivores by simultaneous recognition of different herbivore-associated elicitors in rice |
| Author(s): | Shinya T; Hojo Y; Desaki Y; Christeller JT; Okada K; Shibuya N; Galis I; |
| Address: | "Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan. Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan. The New Zealand Institute for Plant &Food Research, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 2045-2322 (Electronic) 2045-2322 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Induced plant defense responses against insect herbivores are triggered by wounding and/or perception of herbivore elicitors from their oral secretions (OS) and/or saliva. In this study, we analyzed OS isolated from two rice chewing herbivores, Mythimna loreyi and Parnara guttata. Both types of crude OS had substantial elicitor activity in rice cell system that allowed rapid detection of early and late defense responses, i.e. accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and defense secondary metabolites, respectively. While the OS from M. loreyi contained large amounts of previously reported insect elicitors, fatty acid-amino acid conjugates (FACs), the elicitor-active P. guttata's OS contained no detectable FACs. Subsequently, elicitor activity associated with the high molecular mass fraction in OS of both herbivores was identified, and shown to promote ROS and metabolite accumulations in rice cells. Notably, the application of N-linolenoyl-Gln (FAC) alone had only negligible elicitor activity in rice cells; however, the activity of isolated elicitor fraction was substantially promoted by this FAC. Our results reveal that plants integrate various independent signals associated with their insect attackers to modulate their defense responses and reach maximal fitness in nature" |
| Keywords: | Amino Acids/chemistry Animals Fatty Acids/chemistry Herbivory/physiology Lepidoptera/drug effects/pathogenicity/physiology Oryza/*immunology/metabolism/parasitology *Plant Immunity Plant Leaves/*immunology/metabolism/parasitology Reactive Oxygen Species/i; |
| Notes: | "MedlineShinya, Tomonori Hojo, Yuko Desaki, Yoshitake Christeller, John T Okada, Kazunori Shibuya, Naoto Galis, Ivan eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2016/09/02 Sci Rep. 2016 Sep 1; 6:32537. doi: 10.1038/srep32537" |
