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J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng

Title:		"Distributions and source apportionment of ambient volatile organic compounds in Beijing city, China"
Author(s):		Liu Y; Shao M; Zhang J; Fu L; Lu S;
Address:		"State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China"
Journal Title:		J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng
Year:		2005
Volume:		40
Issue:		10
Page Number:		1843 - 1860
DOI:		10.1080/10934520500182842
ISSN/ISBN:		1093-4529 (Print) 1093-4529 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Ambient measurements of 108 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including alkanes, alkenes, aromatics, and halogenated hydrocarbons, were conducted from 2002 to 2003 at six sites in Beijing city. The mean mass concentration of total VOCs was 132.6 +/- 52.2 microg/m3, with alkanes, aromatics, and alkenes accounting for 35%, 22%, and 17%, respectively. The concentrations of most VOC species showed a seasonal pattern, with higher values in November, mildly lower in March, and much lower in July. In winter and spring, apparent diurnal variations of reactive compounds such as 1,3-butadiene and isoprene were observed, whereas those were not distinct in summer. The propylene equivalent concentration was used to evaluate the contribution of individual VOCs in ozone formation. Reactive olefins from anthropogenic emissions dominated the reactions with OH at each season. In summer, isoprene became the largest contributor, followed by 1-butene and propene. The source profiles in Beijing, including vehicle exhaust, gasoline vapor, painting operations, and asphalt pavement, were investigated. Based on the measurement of source profiles and ambient concentrations of VOCs in Beijing, chemical mass balance receptor model was applied to estimate contributions of several potential VOCs sources in Beijing. The results indicated that vehicle exhaust contributed on average 57.7%, followed by painting operations, gasoline vapor, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) at 12.4%, 11.3%, and 5.8%, respectively"
Keywords:		"Air Pollutants/*analysis China Cities Hydrocarbons/*analysis Oxidants, Photochemical/analysis/chemistry Ozone/analysis/chemistry Seasons Vehicle Emissions/*analysis Volatilization;"
Notes:		"MedlineLiu, Ying Shao, Min Zhang, Jing Fu, Linlin Lu, Sihua eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2005/10/01 J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2005; 40(10):1843-60. doi: 10.1080/10934520500182842"