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Int J Mol Sci

Title:		Elicitor and Receptor Molecules: Orchestrators of Plant Defense and Immunity
Author(s):		Abdul Malik NA; Kumar IS; Nadarajah K;
Address:		"Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia"
Journal Title:		Int J Mol Sci
Year:		2020
Volume:		20200131
Issue:		3
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/ijms21030963
ISSN/ISBN:		1422-0067 (Electronic) 1422-0067 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), herbivore-associated molecular patterns (HAMPs), and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are molecules produced by microorganisms and insects in the event of infection, microbial priming, and insect predation. These molecules are then recognized by receptor molecules on or within the plant, which activates the defense signaling pathways, resulting in plant's ability to overcome pathogenic invasion, induce systemic resistance, and protect against insect predation and damage. These small molecular motifs are conserved in all organisms. Fungi, bacteria, and insects have their own specific molecular patterns that induce defenses in plants. Most of the molecular patterns are either present as part of the pathogen's structure or exudates (in bacteria and fungi), or insect saliva and honeydew. Since biotic stresses such as pathogens and insects can impair crop yield and production, understanding the interaction between these organisms and the host via the elicitor-receptor interaction is essential to equip us with the knowledge necessary to design durable resistance in plants. In addition, it is also important to look into the role played by beneficial microbes and synthetic elicitors in activating plants' defense and protection against disease and predation. This review addresses receptors, elicitors, and the receptor-elicitor interactions where these components in fungi, bacteria, and insects will be elaborated, giving special emphasis to the molecules, responses, and mechanisms at play, variations between organisms where applicable, and applications and prospects"
Keywords:		"Alarmins/metabolism Animals *Disease Resistance Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules/metabolism Plant Immunity Plant Proteins/metabolism Plants/*metabolism/microbiology/parasitology Receptors, Pattern Recognition/*metabolism Isr Sar damage-asso;"
Notes:		"MedlineAbdul Malik, Nurul Azmina Kumar, Ilakiya Sharanee Nadarajah, Kalaivani eng DCP-2017-004/1/Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia/ Esciencefund 02-01-02-SF1232/Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan Inovasi/ Review Switzerland 2020/02/07 Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jan 31; 21(3):963. doi: 10.3390/ijms21030963"