| Title: | "Primula spectabilis Tratt. aerial parts: morphology, volatile compounds and flavonoids" |
| Author(s): | Vitalini S; Flamini G; Valaguzza A; Rodondi G; Iriti M; Fico G; |
| Address: | "Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale, Facolta di Agraria, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy. sara.vitalini@unimi.it" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.04.010 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1873-3700 (Electronic) 0031-9422 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The vacuolar and epicuticular flavonoids and the volatiles of the leaves and parts of flower of P. spectabilis Tratt., an endemic species in the Italian Oriental Alps, were investigated. From a MeOH extract of the leaves two flavone glycosides, 8-C-beta-glucopyranosylluteolin 7-O-alpha-arabinofuranoside (1) and 6-C-alpha-arabinofuranosylapigenin (2) were isolated, in addition to a flavone and three flavonols already known from species of Primula. From an EtOH extract of leaf exudates, 7,3',4'-tri-O-methylquercetin was obtained. The structures were elucidated on the basis of their 1D (1)H- and (1)(3)C NMR data and 2D NMR techniques, as well as of HPLC-MS. The volatiles emitted by the leaves were mainly constituted by non-terpene derivatives, followed by comparable proportions of hemiterpens, oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. In flowers, monoterpene hydrocarbons were the most represented chemical class followed by non-terpene derivatives. Different proportions of compounds were found when individual parts of flowers were examined separately; calyx produced a greater proportion (approx. 49.5%) of non-terpenes as its volatile metabolites. P. spectabilis has glandular trichomes in the hyaline margins of the epidermal depressions, distributed on the adaxial leaf blade. Glandular hairs were also present on the corolla. Correlations of phytochemical data with the morphological features of leaf, flower and glandular hair are discussed, and a hypothesis is proposed on the ecological roles of the flavonoids and volatile compounds on the general fitness of the species and cross-pollination strategies" |
| Keywords: | "Apigenin/chemistry Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Flavones/chemistry Flavonoids/*analysis/isolation & purification Glucosides/chemistry Glycosides/chemistry Hemiterpenes/analysis Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Microscopy, Fluorescence Monoterpenes/;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineVitalini, Sara Flamini, Guido Valaguzza, Aurora Rodondi, Graziella Iriti, Marcello Fico, Gelsomina eng England 2011/05/27 Phytochemistry. 2011 Aug; 72(11-12):1371-8. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.04.010. Epub 2011 May 24" |
