| Title: | Tetranychus urticae mites do not mount an induced immune response against bacteria |
| Author(s): | Santos-Matos G; Wybouw N; Martins NE; Zele F; Riga M; Leitao AB; Vontas J; Grbic M; Van Leeuwen T; Magalhaes S; Sucena E; |
| Address: | "Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal. cE3c: Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal. Laboratory for Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, University of Ghent, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Faculty of Applied Biotechnology and Biology, Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vasilika Vouton, PO Box 2208, 71409 Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 11855 Athens, Greece. Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada N6A 5B7. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad de la Rioja, 26006 Logrono, Spain. Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal snmagalhaes@fc.ul.pt. Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal. Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal esucena@igc.gulbenkian.pt" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1471-2954 (Electronic) 0962-8452 (Print) 0962-8452 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The genome of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae, a herbivore, is missing important elements of the canonical Drosophila immune pathways necessary to fight bacterial infections. However, it is not known whether spider mites can mount an immune response and survive bacterial infection. In other chelicerates, bacterial infection elicits a response mediated by immune effectors leading to the survival of infected organisms. In T. urticae, infection by either Escherichia coli or Bacillus megaterium did not elicit a response as assessed through genome-wide transcriptomic analysis. In line with this, spider mites died within days even upon injection with low doses of bacteria that are non-pathogenic to Drosophila Moreover, bacterial populations grew exponentially inside the infected spider mites. By contrast, Sancassania berlesei, a litter-dwelling mite, controlled bacterial proliferation and resisted infections with both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria lethal to T. urticae This differential mortality between mite species was absent when mites were infected with heat-killed bacteria. Also, we found that spider mites harbour in their gut 1000-fold less bacteria than S. berlesei We show that T. urticae has lost the capacity to mount an induced immune response against bacteria, in contrast to other mites and chelicerates but similarly to the phloem feeding aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum Hence, our results reinforce the putative evolutionary link between ecological conditions regarding exposure to bacteria and the architecture of the immune response" |
| Keywords: | Animals Bacteria/*pathogenicity Herbivory Tetranychidae/*immunology/*microbiology Transcriptome Sancassania berlesei Tetranychus urticae host-parasite interactions immunity microbiota; |
| Notes: | "MedlineSantos-Matos, Goncalo Wybouw, Nicky Martins, Nelson E Zele, Flore Riga, Maria Leitao, Alexandre B Vontas, John Grbic, Miodrag Van Leeuwen, Thomas Magalhaes, Sara Sucena, Elio eng England 2017/06/09 Proc Biol Sci. 2017 Jun 14; 284(1856):20170401. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0401" |
