| Title: | The toxic potential of a fourth-generation E-cigarette on human lung cell lines and tissue explants |
| Author(s): | Rankin GD; Wingfors H; Uski O; Hedman L; Ekstrand-Hammarstrom B; Bosson J; Lundback M; |
| Address: | "Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine/Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security, Umea, Sweden. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, The OLIN Unit, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. Department of Health Sciences, Division of Nursing, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden. Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Cardiology, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1099-1263 (Electronic) 0260-437X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The use of electronic cigarettes (E-cigs) is rapidly increasing. The latest generation of E-cigs is highly customizable, allowing for high heating coil temperatures. The aim of this study was to assess the toxic potential of a fourth-generation E-cig. Aerosols generated from E-liquid with (24 mg/mL) and without nicotine, using a fourth-generation E-cig, were chemically analysed and compared with cigarette smoke (K3R4F). Human lung epithelial cell lines and distal lung tissue explants were exposed to E-cig vapour extract (EVE) and cigarette smoke extract for 24 hours and assessed for viability, inflammation, oxidative stress and genotoxicity. E-cig aerosols contained measurable levels of volatile organic compounds, aldehydes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, in general, to a much lesser extent than cigarette smoke. Higher levels of certain carbonyls, e.g. formaldehyde, were detected in the E-cig aerosols. EVEs decreased cell viability of BEAS-2B cells, whereas little effect was seen in A549 cells and distal lung tissue. The nicotine-containing EVE caused a greater decrease in cell viability and significant increase in DNA damage than the nicotine-free EVE. Increased cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species production and genotoxicity were seen with cells and tissue exposed to cigarette smoke extract compared with EVEs. Although E-cig aerosols were less toxic than cigarette smoke, it was not benign. Moreover, the EVE containing nicotine was more toxic than the nicotine-free EVE. More research is needed on the short- and long-term health effects of vaping and the usage of newly emerging E-cig devices to evaluate better the potential negative effects of E-cigs on human health" |
| Keywords: | "A549 Cells Aerosols Cell Cycle/drug effects Cell Survival/drug effects/immunology Cytokines/metabolism *DNA Damage Dose-Response Relationship, Drug *Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Humans In Vitro Techniques Lung/*drug effects/immunology/metabolism/p;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineRankin, Gregory D Wingfors, Hakan Uski, Oskari Hedman, Linnea Ekstrand-Hammarstrom, Barbro Bosson, Jenny Lundback, Magnus eng Swedish Society of Medicine/International the Swedish Heart-lung foundation/International the Swedish Heart and Lung Association/International Vasterbotten County Council/International Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council/International Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2019/04/09 J Appl Toxicol. 2019 Aug; 39(8):1143-1154. doi: 10.1002/jat.3799. Epub 2019 Apr 8" |
