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PLoS One

Title:		Phenotypic and transcriptional response of Daphnia pulicaria to the combined effects of temperature and predation
Author(s):		Oliver A; Cavalheri HB; Lima TG; Jones NT; Podell S; Zarate D; Allen E; Burton RS; Shurin JB;
Address:		"Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America. Department of Biological Sciences, Ecology Behavior and Evolution Section, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America. Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America"
Journal Title:		PLoS One
Year:		2022
Volume:		20220714
Issue:		7
Page Number:		e0265103 -
DOI:		10.1371/journal.pone.0265103
ISSN/ISBN:		1932-6203 (Electronic) 1932-6203 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Daphnia, an ecologically important zooplankton species in lakes, shows both genetic adaptation and phenotypic plasticity in response to temperature and fish predation, but little is known about the molecular basis of these responses and their potential interactions. We performed a factorial experiment exposing laboratory-propagated Daphnia pulicaria clones from two lakes in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California to normal or high temperature (15 degrees C or 25 degrees C) in the presence or absence of fish kairomones, then measured changes in life history and gene expression. Exposure to kairomones increased upper thermal tolerance limits for physiological activity in both clones. Cloned individuals matured at a younger age in response to higher temperature and kairomones, while size at maturity, fecundity and population intrinsic growth were only affected by temperature. At the molecular level, both clones expressed more genes differently in response to temperature than predation, but specific genes involved in metabolic, cellular, and genetic processes responded differently between the two clones. Although gene expression differed more between clones from different lakes than experimental treatments, similar phenotypic responses to predation risk and warming arose from these clone-specific patterns. Our results suggest that phenotypic plasticity responses to temperature and kairomones interact synergistically, with exposure to fish predators increasing the tolerance of Daphnia pulicaria to stressful temperatures, and that similar phenotypic responses to temperature and predator cues can be produced by divergent patterns of gene regulation"
Keywords:		Animals *Daphnia/physiology Fishes/physiology Pheromones/pharmacology Predatory Behavior/physiology *Pulicaria Temperature;
Notes:		"MedlineOliver, Aaron Cavalheri, Hamanda B Lima, Thiago G Jones, Natalie T Podell, Sheila Zarate, Daniela Allen, Eric Burton, Ronald S Shurin, Jonathan B eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2022/07/15 PLoS One. 2022 Jul 14; 17(7):e0265103. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265103. eCollection 2022"