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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Title:		"Prostaglandin F(2alpha) drives female pheromone signaling in cichlids, revealing a basis for evolutionary divergence in olfactory signaling"
Author(s):		Li CY; Lawrence K; Merlo-Coyne J; Juntti SA;
Address:		"Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742"
Journal Title:		Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Year:		2023
Volume:		20221230
Issue:		1
Page Number:		e2214418120 -
DOI:		10.1073/pnas.2214418120
ISSN/ISBN:		1091-6490 (Electronic) 0027-8424 (Print) 0027-8424 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Pheromones play essential roles in reproduction in many species. Prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) acts as a female reproductive hormone and as a sex pheromone in some species. An olfactory receptor (OR) for PGF(2alpha) was recently discovered in zebrafish, but this signaling pathway is evolutionarily labile. To understand the evolution of signals that attract males to fertile females, we used the African cichlid Astatotilapia burtoni and found that adult males strongly prefer fertile female odors. Injection of a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor abolishes this attractivity of fertile females, indicating these hormones are necessary for pheromonal signaling. Unlike zebrafish, A. burtoni males are insensitive to PGF(2alpha), but they do exhibit strong preference for females injected with PGF(2alpha). This attractiveness is independent of the PGF(2alpha) hormonal receptor Ptgfr, indicating that this pheromone signaling derives from PGF(2alpha) metabolization into a yet-undiscovered pheromone. We further discovered that fish that are insensitive to PGF(2alpha) lack an ortholog for the OR Or114 that zebrafish use to detect PGF(2alpha). These results indicate that PGF(2alpha) itself does not directly induce male preference in cichlids. Rather, it plays a vital role that primes females to become attractive via an alternative male OR"
Keywords:		"Animals Female Male Zebrafish *Cichlids Hormones Signal Transduction Pheromones *Receptors, Odorant Prostaglandins cichlid hormone olfactory receptor pheromone prostaglandin;"
Notes:		"MedlineLi, Cheng-Yu Lawrence, Karli Merlo-Coyne, John Juntti, Scott A eng R35 GM142872/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2022/12/31 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Jan 3; 120(1):e2214418120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2214418120. Epub 2022 Dec 30"