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Insect Sci

Title:		Behavioral evidence for contextual olfactory-mediated avoidance of the ubiquitous phytopathogen Botrytis cinerea by Drosophila suzukii
Author(s):		Cha DH; Hesler SP; Brind'Amour G; Wentworth KS; Villani S; Cox KD; Boucher MT; Wallingford A; Park SK; Nyrop J; Loeb GM;
Address:		"USDA-ARS, US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, Hawaii, USA. Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech, Cornell University, Geneva, New York, USA. Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell AgriTech, Cornell University, Geneva, New York, USA"
Journal Title:		Insect Sci
Year:		2020
Volume:		20190527
Issue:		4
Page Number:		771 - 779
DOI:		10.1111/1744-7917.12691
ISSN/ISBN:		1744-7917 (Electronic) 1672-9609 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Herbivorous insects may benefit from avoiding the smell produced by phytopathogens infecting plant host tissue if the infected tissue reduces insect fitness. However, in many cases the same species of phytopathogen can also infect host plant tissues that do not directly affect herbivore fitness. Thus, insects may benefit from differentiating between pathogen odors emanating from food and nonfood tissues. This is based on the hypothesis that unnecessarily staying attentive to pathogen odor from nonfood tissue may incur opportunity costs associated with not responding to other important survival functions. In this study adults of Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, an invasive larval frugivore, showed reduced attraction to the odor of raspberry fruit, a food tissue, when infected with Botrytis cinerea Pers., a ubiquitous phytopathogen, in favor of odors of uninfected raspberry fruit. Moreover, D. suzukii oviposited fewer eggs on infected raspberry fruit relative to uninfected raspberry fruit. Larval survival and adult size after eclosion were significantly reduced when reared on B. cinerea-infected raspberry relative to uninfected fruit. Interestingly, when the behavioral choice experiment was repeated using Botrytis-infected vs. -uninfected strawberry leaves, a nonfood tissue, in combination with fresh raspberry fruit, odor from B. cinerea-infected leaves did not reduce D. suzukii attraction to raspberries relative to raspberries with uninfected leaves. These behavioral results illustrate the important role context can play in odor-mediated interactions between insects, plants and microbes. We discuss implications of our findings for developing a repellent that can be useful for the management of D. suzukii"
Keywords:		Animals Avoidance Learning Botrytis/*chemistry Drosophila/growth & development/*physiology Female Fruit/*chemistry/metabolism/microbiology Larva/growth & development/physiology Male Odorants/*analysis *Olfactory Perception Oviposition Plant Leaves/chemist;
Notes:		"MedlineCha, Dong H Hesler, Stephen P Brind'Amour, Gabrielle Wentworth, Karen S Villani, Sara Cox, Kerik D Boucher, Matthew T Wallingford, Anna Park, Shinyoung K Nyrop, Jan Loeb, Gregory M eng 2015-16-180/New York State Agricultural Experiment Station federal formula fund/ C0011GG/New York State Agriculture and Markets/ 2016-0228-08/National Institute of Food and Agriculture/ Australia 2019/05/16 Insect Sci. 2020 Aug; 27(4):771-779. doi: 10.1111/1744-7917.12691. Epub 2019 May 27"