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Curr Res Microb Sci

Title:		Efficiency of microbial bio-agents as elicitors in plant defense mechanism under biotic stress: A review
Author(s):		Zehra A; Raytekar NA; Meena M; Swapnil P;
Address:		"Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005, India. Department of Microbiology, Sandip University, Nasik, India. Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur - 313001, Rajasthan, India. Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi - 110007, India"
Journal Title:		Curr Res Microb Sci
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210808
Issue:
Page Number:		100054 -
DOI:		10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100054
ISSN/ISBN:		2666-5174 (Electronic) 2666-5174 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Numerous harmful microorganisms and insect pests have the ability to cause plant infections or damage, which is mostly controlled by toxic chemical agents. These chemical compounds and their derivatives exhibit hazardous effects on habitats and human life too. Hence, there's a need to develop novel, more effective and safe bio-control agents. A variety of microbes such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi possess a great potential to fight against phytopathogens and thus can be used as bio-control agents instead of harmful chemical compounds. These naturally occurring microorganisms are applied to the plants in order to control phytopathogens. Moreover, practicing them appropriately for agriculture management can be a way towards a sustainable approach. The MBCAs follow various modes of action and act as elicitors where they induce a signal to activate plant defense mechanisms against a variety of pathogens. MBCAs control phytopathogens and help in disease suppression through the production of enzymes, antimicrobial compounds, antagonist activity involving hyper-parasitism, induced resistance, competitive inhibition, etc. Efficient recognition of pathogens and prompt defensive response are key factors of induced resistance in plants. This resistance phenomenon is pertaining to a complex cascade that involves an increased amount of defensive proteins, salicylic acid (SA), or induction of signaling pathways dependent on plant hormones. Although, there's a dearth of information about the exact mechanism of plant-induced resistance, the studies conducted at the physiological, biochemical and genetic levels. These studies tried to explain a series of plant defensive responses triggered by bio-control agents that may enhance the defensive capacity of plants. Several natural and recombinant microorganisms are commercially available as bio-control agents that mainly include strains of Bacillus, Pseudomonads and Trichoderma. However, the complete understanding of microbial bio-control agents and their interactions at cellular and molecular levels will facilitate the screening of effective and eco-friendly bio-agents, thereby increasing the scope of MBCAs. This article is a comprehensive review that highlights the importance of microbial agents as elicitors in the activation and regulation of plant defense mechanisms in response to a variety of pathogens"
Keywords:		"ABA, Abscisic acid BABA, beta-Aminobutyric acid BTH, Benzothiadiazole CKRI, Cross kingdom RNA interference DAMPs, Damage-associated molecular patterns Defense mechanism ET, Ethylene ETI, Effector-triggered immunity Elicitors Fe, Iron GSH, Glutathione HAMP;"
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEZehra, Andleeb Raytekar, Namita Anant Meena, Mukesh Swapnil, Prashant eng Review Netherlands 2021/11/30 Curr Res Microb Sci. 2021 Aug 8; 2:100054. doi: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100054. eCollection 2021 Dec"