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Water Environ Res

Title:		"Measurement of biosolids compost odor emissions from a windrow, static pile, and biofilter"
Author(s):		Rosenfeld P; Grey M; Sellew P;
Address:		"Soil Water Air Protection Enterprise, Santa Monica, California, USA. prosenfeld@swape.com"
Journal Title:		Water Environ Res
Year:		2004
Volume:		76
Issue:		4
Page Number:		310 - 315
DOI:		10.2175/106143004x141898
ISSN/ISBN:		1061-4303 (Print) 1061-4303 (Linking)
Abstract:		"A pilot study was conducted to compare odor emissions from a windrow process and an aerated static pile and to determine the odor reduction efficiency of a pilot two-phase biofilter for odor control of biosolids composting. Chemical compounds identified as responsible for odors from biosolids composting include ammonia, dimethyl disulfide, carbon disulfide, formic acid, acetic acid, and sulfur dioxide (or carbonyl sulfide). Aeration was found to reduce the concentration of ammonia, formic acid, and acetic acid by 72, 57, and 11%, respectively, compared with a nearby windrow, while dimethyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, and sulfur dioxide (or carbonyl sulfide) concentrations were below detection limits. Using dilution-to-threshold olfactometry, aeration followed by biofiltration was found to reduce the odor from biosolids composting by 98%. Biofiltration also altered the character of odor emissions from biosolids composting, producing a less offensive odor with an earthy character. Biofiltration was found to reduce the concentration of ammonia, dimethyl disulfide, carbon disulfide, formic acid, acetic acid, and sulfur dioxide (or carbonyl sulfide) by 99, 90, 32, 100, 34, and 100%, respectively. The concentrations of those odorants were estimated to be 3700, 110000, 26,37,5, and 1.2 times reported human detection limits before the two-phase biofilter, respectively, and 42,9600,18,0,3, and 0 times human detection limits after the biofilter, respectively"
Keywords:		"Biodegradation, Environmental *Bioreactors Environmental Monitoring Filtration Odorants/*analysis Organic Chemicals/analysis *Refuse Disposal Volatilization;"
Notes:		"MedlineRosenfeld, Paul Grey, Mark Sellew, Paul eng 2004/10/29 Water Environ Res. 2004 Jul-Aug; 76(4):310-5. doi: 10.2175/106143004x141898"