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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Title:		Manduca sexta recognition and resistance among allopolyploid Nicotiana host plants
Author(s):		Lou Y; Baldwin IT;
Address:		"Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena 07745, Germany"
Journal Title:		Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Year:		2003
Volume:		20031006
Issue:		Suppl 2
Page Number:		14581 - 14586
DOI:		10.1073/pnas.2135348100
ISSN/ISBN:		0027-8424 (Print) 1091-6490 (Electronic) 0027-8424 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Allopolyploid speciation occurs instantly when the genomes of different species combine to produce self-fertile offspring and has played a central role in the evolution of higher plants, but its consequences for adaptive responses are unknown. We compare herbivore-recognition and -resistance responses of the diploid species and putative ancestral parent Nicotiana attenuata with those of the two derived allopolyploid species Nicotiana clevelandii and Nicotiana bigelovii. Manduca sexta larvae attack all three species, and in N. attenuata attack is recognized when larval oral secretions are introduced to wounds during feeding, resulting in a jasmonate burst, a systemic amplification of trypsin inhibitor accumulation, and a release of volatile organic compounds, which function as a coordinated defense response that slows caterpillar growth and increases the probability of their being attacked. Most aspects of this recognition response are retained with modifications in one allotetraploid (N. bigelovii) but lost in the other (N. clevelandii). Differences between diploid and tetraploid species were apparent in delays (maximum 1 and 0.5 h, respectively) in the jasmonate burst, the elicitation of trypsin inhibitors and release of volatile organic compounds, and the constitutive levels of nicotine, trypsin inhibitors, diterpene glycosides, rutin, and caffeoylputrescine in the leaves. Resistance to M. sexta larvae attack was most strongly associated with diterpene glycosides, which were higher in the diploid than in the two allotetraploid species. Because M. sexta elicitors differentially regulate a large proportion of the N. attenuata transcriptome, we propose that these species are suited for the study of the evolution of adaptive responses requiring trans-activation mechanisms"
Keywords:		"Animals Immunity, Innate Larva Manduca/growth & development/*pathogenicity Plant Leaves/growth & development/parasitology *Polyploidy Time Factors Tobacco/*genetics/growth & development/metabolism/parasitology;"
Notes:		"MedlineLou, Yonggen Baldwin, Ian T eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2003/10/08 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Nov 25; 100 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):14581-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2135348100. Epub 2003 Oct 6"