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Gene

Title:		Accord insertion in the 5' flanking region of CYP6G1 confers nicotine resistance in Drosophila melanogaster
Author(s):		Li X; Bai S; Cass BN;
Address:		"Department of Entomology and BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. lxc@email.arizona.edu"
Journal Title:		Gene
Year:		2012
Volume:		20120420
Issue:		1
Page Number:		1 - 8
DOI:		10.1016/j.gene.2012.04.031
ISSN/ISBN:		1879-0038 (Electronic) 0378-1119 (Linking)
Abstract:		"What has driven the sweep of the Accord retrotransposon insertion allele of CYP6G1 in the natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster is unknown. Previous studies on the DDT selection hypothesis produced conflicting data. To reexamine the DDT selection hypothesis and search for alternative explanations, we conducted a series of correlation and genetic linkage experiments with eight D. melanogaster natural populations collected from California (CM1, CM2, CM3, and CM7) and Africa (AM2, AM3, AM4, AM7). Diagnostic PCR showed that CM1, CM2, CM7, and AM3 have the Accord insertion in the CYP6G1 locus, whereas the other four strains do not. RT-PCR analysis exhibits a 100% correlation between Accord insertion and CYP6G1 overexpression. However, among the four strains with Accord-mediated CYP6G1 overexpression only CM1 and CM7 are resistant to DDT, and the other two strains (CM2 and AM3), like the four Accord-free strains, are susceptible to DDT. By contrast, all the four strains with Accord-mediated CYP6G1 overexpression are resistant to nicotine, a plant allelochemical. Genetic crosses between DDT resistant and susceptible Accord-insertion strains, as well as crosses between Accord-insertion and Accord-free strains demonstrated that Accord insertion and CYP6G1 overexpression are genetically linked to nicotine resistance rather than DDT resistance. These results suggest that naturally-occurring allelochemicals such as nicotine are the initial driving force for the worldwide prevalence of the Accord insertion allele of CYP6G1 in D. melanogaster natural populations"
Keywords:		"*5' Flanking Region Animals Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/*genetics DDT/pharmacology DNA Mutational Analysis Drosophila Proteins/*genetics Drosophila melanogaster/drug effects/*genetics Drug Resistance/*genetics Female Gene Expression Regulation Genes, I;"
Notes:		"MedlineLi, Xianchun Bai, Sufen Cass, Bodil N eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2012/05/01 Gene. 2012 Jul 1; 502(1):1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.04.031. Epub 2012 Apr 20"