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Cell Tissue Res

Title:		"Immunoreactive intensity of FXPRL amide neuropeptides in response to environmental conditions in the silkworm, Bombyx mori"
Author(s):		Hagino A; Kitagawa N; Imai K; Yamashita O; Shiomi K;
Address:		"Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan"
Journal Title:		Cell Tissue Res
Year:		2010
Volume:		20101120
Issue:		3
Page Number:		459 - 469
DOI:		10.1007/s00441-010-1083-4
ISSN/ISBN:		1432-0878 (Electronic) 0302-766X (Linking)
Abstract:		"In the silkworm Bombyx mori, the diapause hormone-pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide gene, DH-PBAN, is a neuropeptide gene that encodes a polypeptide precursor consisting in five Phe-X-Pro-Arg-Leu-NH(2) (FXPRL) amide (FXPRLa) neuropeptides; DH (diapause hormone), PBAN (pheromone-biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide) and alpha-, beta- and gamma-SGNPs (subesophageal ganglion neuropeptides). These neuropeptides are synthesized in DH-PBAN-producing neurosecretory cells contained within three neuromeres, four mandibular cells, six maxillary cells, two labial cells (SLb) and four lateral cells of the subesophageal ganglion. DH is solely responsible, among the FXPRLa peptide family, for embryonic diapause. Functional differentiation has been previously suggested to occur at each neuromere, with the SLb cells releasing DH through brain innervation in order to induce embryonic diapause. We have investigated the immunoreactive intensity of DH in the SLb when thermal (25 degrees C or 15 degrees C) and light (continuous illumination or darkness) conditions are altered and following brain surgery that induces diapause or non-diapause eggs in the progeny. We have also examined the immunoreactivity of the other FXPRLa peptides by using anti-beta-SGNP and anti-PBAN antibodies. Pupal SLb somata immunoreactivities seem to be affected by both thermal and light conditions during embryogenesis. Thus, we have been able to identify a close correlation between the immunoreactive intensity of neuropeptides and environmental conditions relating to the determination of embryonic diapause in B. mori"
Keywords:		"Animals Bombyx/*embryology/genetics/*metabolism Darkness Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Fluorescent Antibody Technique Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental Insect Proteins/genetics/*metabolism Light Neuropeptides/genetics/immunology/*metabolism Ph;"
Notes:		"MedlineHagino, Ayako Kitagawa, Norio Imai, Kunio Yamashita, Okitsugu Shiomi, Kunihiro eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Germany 2010/11/26 Cell Tissue Res. 2010 Dec; 342(3):459-69. doi: 10.1007/s00441-010-1083-4. Epub 2010 Nov 20"