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J Chem Ecol

Title:		"Aggregation pheromone for the pepper weevil,Anthonomus eugenii cano (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): Identification and field activity"
Author(s):		Eller FJ; Bartelt RJ; Shasha BS; Schuster DJ; Riley DG; Stansly PA; Mueller TF; Shuler KD; Johnson B; Davis JH; Sutherland CA;
Address:		"Bioactive Constituents Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA/ARS/MWA, 1815 North University Street, 61604, Peoria, Illinois"
Journal Title:		J Chem Ecol
Year:		1994
Volume:		20
Issue:		7
Page Number:		1537 - 1555
DOI:		10.1007/BF02059879
ISSN/ISBN:		0098-0331 (Print) 0098-0331 (Linking)
Abstract:		"This study describes the identification of an aggregation pheromone for the pepper weevil,Anthonomus eugenii and field trials of a synthetic pheromone blend. Volatile collections and gas chromatography revealed the presence of six male-specific compounds. These compounds were identified using chromatographic and spectral techniques as: (Z)-2-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)ethanol, (E)-2-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)ethanol, (Z)-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)acetaldehyde, (E)-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)acetaldehyde, (E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienoic acid (geranic acid), and (E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol (geraniol). The emission rates of these compounds from feeding males were determined to be about: 7.2, 4.8, 0.45, 0.30, 2.0, and 0.30microg/male/day, respectively. Sticky traps baited with a synthetic blend of these compounds captured more pepper weevils (both sexes) than did unbaited control traps or pheromone-baited boll weevil traps. Commercial and laboratory formulations of the synthetic pheromone were both attractive. However, the commercial formulation did not release geranic acid properly, and geranic acid is necessary for full activity. The pheromones of the pepper weevil and the boll weevil are compared. Improvements for increasing trap efficiency and possible uses for the pepper weevil pheromone are discussed. A convenient method for purifying geranic acid is also described"
Keywords:
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEEller, F J Bartelt, R J Shasha, B S Schuster, D J Riley, D G Stansly, P A Mueller, T F Shuler, K D Johnson, B Davis, J H Sutherland, C A eng 1994/07/01 J Chem Ecol. 1994 Jul; 20(7):1537-55. doi: 10.1007/BF02059879"