« Previous Abstract"Olfactory Cues, Visual Cues, and Semiochemical Diversity Interact During Host Location by Invasive Forest Beetles"    Next AbstractPlant resistance reduces the strength of consumptive and non-consumptive effects of predators on aphids »

Oecologia

Title:		Virus strains differentially induce plant susceptibility to aphid vectors and chewing herbivores
Author(s):		Kersch-Becker MF; Thaler JS;
Address:		"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA, mf464@cornell.edu"
Journal Title:		Oecologia
Year:		2014
Volume:		20131101
Issue:		3
Page Number:		883 - 892
DOI:		10.1007/s00442-013-2812-7
ISSN/ISBN:		1432-1939 (Electronic) 0029-8549 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Plants are frequently attacked by both pathogens and insects, and an attack from one can induce plant responses that affect resistance to the other. However, we currently lack a predictive framework for understanding how pathogens, their vectors, and other herbivores interact. To address this gap, we have investigated the effects of a viral infection in the host plant on both its aphid vector and non-vector herbivores. We tested whether the infection by three different strains of Potato virus Y (PVY(NTN), PVY(NO) and PVY(O)) on tomato plants affected: (1) the induced plant defense pathways; (2) the abundance and fecundity of the aphid vector (Macrosiphum euphorbiae); and (3) the performance of two non-vector species: a caterpillar (Trichoplusia ni) and a beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata). While infection by all three strains of PVY induced the salicylate pathway, PVY(NTN) induced a stronger and longer response. Fecundity and density of aphids increased on all PVY-infected plants, suggesting that the aphid response is not negatively associated with salicylate induction. In contrast, the performance of non-vector herbivores positively correlated with the strength of salicylate induction. PVY(NTN) infection decreased plant resistance to both non-vector herbivores, increasing their growth rates. We also demonstrated that the impact of host plant viral infection on the caterpillar results from host plant responses and not the effects of aphid vector feeding. We propose that pathogens chemically mediate insect-plant interactions by activating the salicylate pathway and decreasing plant resistance to chewing insects, which has implications for both disease transmission and insect community structure"
Keywords:		Animals Aphids/physiology Coleoptera/physiology *Herbivory *Host-Pathogen Interactions Insect Vectors/physiology/virology Insecta/*physiology Larva/physiology Solanum lycopersicum/*physiology/virology Mastication Moths/physiology Plant Diseases Plant Grow;
Notes:		"MedlineKersch-Becker, Monica F Thaler, Jennifer S eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Germany 2013/11/02 Oecologia. 2014 Mar; 174(3):883-92. doi: 10.1007/s00442-013-2812-7. Epub 2013 Nov 1"