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Pest Manag Sci

Title:		Using phenology models to estimate insecticide effects on population dynamics: examples from codling moth and obliquebanded leafroller
Author(s):		Jones VP;
Address:		"Department of Entomology, Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA, USA"
Journal Title:		Pest Manag Sci
Year:		2021
Volume:		20201024
Issue:		2
Page Number:		1081 - 1093
DOI:		10.1002/ps.6125
ISSN/ISBN:		1526-4998 (Electronic) 1526-498X (Linking)
Abstract:		"BACKGROUND: Phenology models based on degree-days were modified to estimate the effects of insecticide applications on the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), and the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Because the models inherently track stage structure of the population over the course of the season, stage specific mortality can be applied for various durations and intensities allowing the user to simulate different types of pesticides (ovicides, larvicides, organic or conventional materials). The models presented incorporate reproduction, effects of an application on subsequent generations, and the effects of each insecticide by itself as well as the combination of all the treatments. By comparing the treated populations to an untreated control, an estimate of how much the population size is reduced by different treatment programs over the entire season provides a clear assessment of the effectiveness of the treatment program. Simulations for codling moth also allow the insecticide effects to be simulated in conjunction with mating disruption (or not) and simulations for obliquebanded leafroller include the effect of insecticides on both instars 1-3 and 4-6. RESULTS: The simulations show there are distinct windows of opportunity for management programs, with rather large windows where an insecticide application has only a minor effect on population growth and also shows that intergenerational effects greatly affect optimal timings in subsequent generations. CONCLUSION: The models are especially useful in assessing current management strategies, testing potential improvements in timings, and evaluating cost savings and reducing non-target effects"
Keywords:		Animals *Insecticides/pharmacology *Moths Population Growth Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) Cydia pomonella (L.) insecticide effects models optimal management programs phenology models;
Notes:		"MedlineJones, Vincent P eng K1984/Washington State Department of Agriculture/ CP-12-102/Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission/ England 2020/10/04 Pest Manag Sci. 2021 Feb; 77(2):1081-1093. doi: 10.1002/ps.6125. Epub 2020 Oct 24"