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ACS Nano

Title:		Sniffing chronic renal failure in rat model by an array of random networks of single-walled carbon nanotubes
Author(s):		Haick H; Hakim M; Patrascu M; Levenberg C; Shehada N; Nakhoul F; Abassi Z;
Address:		"Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel. hhossam@technion.ac.il"
Journal Title:		ACS Nano
Year:		2009
Volume:		3
Issue:		5
Page Number:		1258 - 1266
DOI:		10.1021/nn9001775
ISSN/ISBN:		1936-086X (Electronic) 1936-0851 (Linking)
Abstract:		"In this study, we use an experimental model of bilateral nephrectomy in rats to identify an advanced, yet simple nanoscale-based approach to discriminate between exhaled breath of healthy states and of chronic renal failure (CRF) states. Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) in conjugation with solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of healthy and CRF breath, collected directly from the trachea of the rats, identified 15 common volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in all samples of healthy and CRF states and 27 VOCs that appear in CRF but not in healthy states. Online breath analysis via an array of chemiresistive random network of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) coated with organic materials showed excellent discrimination between the various breath states. Stepwise discriminate analysis showed that enhanced discrimination capacity could be achieved by decreasing the humidity prior to their analysis with the sensors' array. Furthermore, the analysis showed the adequacy of using representative simulated VOCs to imitate the breath of healthy and CRF states and, therefore, to train the sensors' array the pertinent breath signatures. The excellent discrimination between the various breath states obtained in this study provides expectations for future capabilities for diagnosis, detection, and screening various stages of kidney disease, especially in the early stages of the disease, where it is possible to control blood pressure and protein intake to slow the progression"
Keywords:		"Animals Breath Tests/*methods Kidney Failure, Chronic/*diagnosis/*metabolism Kidney Function Tests/*methods Nanotubes, Carbon/*chemistry Rats Reproducibility of Results Sensitivity and Specificity Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis/*chemistry;"
Notes:		"MedlineHaick, Hossam Hakim, Meggie Patrascu, Michael Levenberg, Chen Shehada, Nisreen Nakhoul, Farid Abassi, Zaid eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2009/04/29 ACS Nano. 2009 May 26; 3(5):1258-66. doi: 10.1021/nn9001775"