| Title: | Robustness of plant-insect herbivore interaction networks to climate change in a fragmented temperate forest landscape |
| Author(s): | Bahner KW; Zweig KA; Leal IR; Wirth R; |
| Address: | "Plant Ecology and Systematics,University of Kaiserslautern,P.O. Box 3049, 67663 Kaiserslautern,Germany. Graph Theory & Complex Network Analysis,University of Kaiserslautern,P.O. Box 3049, 67663 Kaiserslautern,Germany. Departamento de Botanica,Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, 50670-901,Cidade Universitaria, Recife, PE,Brazil" |
| DOI: | 10.1017/S0007485317000062 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1475-2670 (Electronic) 0007-4853 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Forest fragmentation and climate change are among the most severe and pervasive forms of human impact. Yet, their combined effects on plant-insect herbivore interaction networks, essential components of forest ecosystems with respect to biodiversity and functioning, are still poorly investigated, particularly in temperate forests. We addressed this issue by analysing plant-insect herbivore networks (PIHNs) from understories of three managed beech forest habitats: small forest fragments (2.2-145 ha), forest edges and forest interior areas within three continuous control forests (1050-5600 ha) in an old hyper-fragmented forest landscape in SW Germany. We assessed the impact of forest fragmentation, particularly edge effects, on PIHNs and the resulting differences in robustness against climate change by habitat-wise comparison of network topology and biologically realistic extinction cascades of networks following scores of vulnerability to climate change for the food plant species involved. Both the topological network metrics (complexity, nestedness, trophic niche redundancy) and robustness to climate change strongly increased in forest edges and fragments as opposed to the managed forest interior. The nature of the changes indicates that human impacts modify network structure mainly via host plant availability to insect herbivores. Improved robustness of PIHNs in forest edges/small fragments to climate-driven extinction cascades was attributable to an overall higher thermotolerance across plant communities, along with positive effects of network structure. The impoverishment of PIHNs in managed forest interiors and the suggested loss of insect diversity from climate-induced co-extinction highlight the need for further research efforts focusing on adequate silvicultural and conservation approaches" |
| Keywords: | Animals Betulaceae *Climate Change Fagus *Food Chain *Forests Germany *Herbivory *Insecta ecosystem stability edge effects extinction cascades food web resilience global change phytophagous insects; |
| Notes: | "MedlineBahner, K W Zweig, K A Leal, I R Wirth, R eng England 2017/02/12 Bull Entomol Res. 2017 Oct; 107(5):563-572. doi: 10.1017/S0007485317000062. Epub 2017 Feb 10" |
