| Title: | Both Biosynthesis and Transport Are Involved in Glucosinolate Accumulation During Root-Herbivory in Brassica rapa |
| Author(s): | Touw AJ; Verdecia Mogena A; Maedicke A; Sontowski R; van Dam NM; Tsunoda T; |
| Address: | "Molecular Interaction Ecology, German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany. Research and Development Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Camaguey, Cuba. Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Shinshu University, Kamiina-County, Japan" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1664-462X (Print) 1664-462X (Electronic) 1664-462X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The optimal defense theory predicts that plants invest most energy in those tissues that have the highest value, but are most vulnerable to attacks. In Brassica species, root-herbivory leads to the accumulation of glucosinolates (GSLs) in the taproot, the most valuable belowground plant organ. Accumulation of GSLs can result from local biosynthesis in response to herbivory. In addition, transport from distal tissues by specialized GSL transporter proteins can play a role as well. GSL biosynthesis and transport are both inducible, but the role these processes play in GSL accumulation during root-herbivory is not yet clear. To address this issue, we performed two time-series experiments to study the dynamics of transport and biosynthesis in local and distal tissues of Brassica rapa. We exposed roots of B. rapa to herbivory by the specialist root herbivore Delia radicum for 7 days. During this period, we sampled above- and belowground plant organs 12 h, 24 h, 3 days and 7 days after the start of herbivory. Next, we measured the quantity and composition of GSL profiles together with the expression of genes involved in GSL biosynthesis and transport. We found that both benzyl and indole GSLs accumulate in the taproot during root-herbivory, whereas we did not observe any changes in aliphatic GSL levels. The rise in indole GSL levels coincided with increased local expression of biosynthesis and transporter genes, which suggest that both biosynthesis and GSL transport play a role in the accumulation of GSLs during root herbivory. However, we did not observe a decrease in GSL levels in distal tissues. We therefore hypothesize that GSL transporters help to retain GSLs in the taproot during root-herbivory" |
| Keywords: | above-belowground interactions cabbage root fly induced plant responses optimal defense theory plant-insect interactions; |
| Notes: | "PubMed-not-MEDLINETouw, Axel J Verdecia Mogena, Arletys Maedicke, Anne Sontowski, Rebekka van Dam, Nicole M Tsunoda, Tomonori eng Switzerland 2020/01/31 Front Plant Sci. 2020 Jan 10; 10:1653. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01653. eCollection 2019" |
