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Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz

Title:		[Electronic Shiazo waterpipes: a new source of indoor air pollutants]
Author(s):		Schober W; Matzen W; Szendrei K; Heitmann D; Schettgen T; Fromme H;
Address:		"Sachgebiet Chemikaliensicherheit und Toxikologie, Bayerisches Landesamt fur Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, Pfarrstrasse 3, 80538, Munchen, Deutschland. wolfgang.schober@lgl.bayern.de. Sachgebiet Chemikaliensicherheit und Toxikologie, Bayerisches Landesamt fur Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, Pfarrstrasse 3, 80538, Munchen, Deutschland. Bayerisches Landesamt fur Umwelt, Augsburg, Deutschland. Institut fur Arbeitsmedizin und Sozialmedizin, Universitatsklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland. Institut und Poliklinik fur Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin, Klinikum der LMU Munchen, Munchen, Deutschland"
Journal Title:		Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz
Year:		2017
Volume:		60
Issue:		10
Page Number:		1092 - 1101
DOI:		10.1007/s00103-017-2607-9
ISSN/ISBN:		1437-1588 (Electronic) 1436-9990 (Linking)
Abstract:		"BACKGROUND: For some time, a new form of waterpipe smoking has been advertised, where steam stones moistened with aroma fluids (Shiazo) are heated electronically. Since there is no combustion of tobacco, it is often assumed that the produced vapor is not harmful to health. To clarify this issue, we performed a comprehensive inner and outer exposure assessment during the use of an electronic Shiazo waterpipe. METHODS: Three volunteers smoked an electronic waterpipe operated with nicotine-free Shiazo stones in a thoroughly ventilated room for 2 h. In three smoking sessions, three fluids with different flavorings were vaporized. In parallel, emissions of particles, volatile organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and metals were measured in indoor air. Within a biomonitoring study, urinary metabolite profiles of air pollutants were checked. For comparison, the components of the Shiazo fluids were also analyzed. RESULTS: During the smoking sessions, concentrations of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glycerine, and propylene glycol rose significantly in the indoor environment. The content of putative carcinogenic PAH in indoor air increased by 42% to 174 ng/m(3). Particle number concentrations ranged from 39,968 to 65,610 particles/cm(3) (median), with peaks at diameters from 25 to 31 nm. 3?ª╡HPMA, the mercapturic acid metabolite of the pyrolysis product acrolein, was strongly elevated in urine samples of the smokers. All fluids contained high amounts of contact allergens. CONCLUSIONS: Electronic Shiazo waterpipes release various harmful substances that considerably impact indoor air quality. Compared to conventional waterpipes, the release of pollutants is lower. Nevertheless, smoking with Shiazo waterpipes is a source of health risks for both users and bystanders"
Keywords:		"Acetaldehyde/adverse effects/analysis Adult Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects/*analysis Environmental Monitoring Formaldehyde/adverse effects/analysis Germany Glycerol/adverse effects/analysis Health Status Indicators Humans Male Particle Size Particu;"
Notes:		"MedlineSchober, Wolfgang Matzen, Wolfgang Szendrei, Katalin Heitmann, Dieter Schettgen, Thomas Fromme, Hermann ger Germany 2017/09/06 Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2017 Oct; 60(10):1092-1101. doi: 10.1007/s00103-017-2607-9"