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J Econ Entomol

Title:		Attraction of pollinators to atemoya (Magnoliales: Annonaceae) in Puerto Rico: a synergistic approach using multiple nitidulid lures
Author(s):		Jenkins DA; Cline AR; Irish B; Goenaga R;
Address:		"U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Services-Tropical Agriculture Research Station, 2200 Ave. P.A. Campos, Ste. 201, Mayaguez, PR 00680. david.jenkins@ars.usda.gov"
Journal Title:		J Econ Entomol
Year:		2013
Volume:		106
Issue:		1
Page Number:		305 - 310
DOI:		10.1603/ec12316
ISSN/ISBN:		0022-0493 (Print) 0022-0493 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Atemoya, a hybrid between Annona squamosa (L.) and A. cherimola Miller (Annonaceae), has potential to be a major fruit crop in tropical and subtropical areas. A major setback to fruit production throughout the world is low fruit-set because of inadequate pollinator visits, typically Nitidulidae beetles. We identified beetle visitors to atemoya flowers in an orchard in Puerto Rico and used Universal moth traps to monitor the attractiveness of two commercially available Nitidulidae lures. The most common visitors to atemoya flowers were an unidentified Europs species (Coleoptera: Monotomidae), followed by Loberus testaceus (Coleoptera: Erotylidae), neither of which have been previously reported as visitors to Annona flowers. The commercial lures attracted few or no beetles when used separately, but attracted a large number of beetles, especially Carpophilus dimidiatus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) and Europs, when used in combination. This attraction is synergistic and increases with dose at the doses assayed (0-4 lures), and decreases over time with >50% of trap captures occurring in the first week and no beetles collected after 5 wk. This is the first report of aggregation pheromone lures in nitidulids acting synergistically to attract other species, including beetles not in the Nitidulidae. The results are discussed as they pertain to increasing fruit set, as well as the potential for altering fruit size and shape in atemoya"
Keywords:		"Animals *Annonaceae Behavior, Animal/*drug effects Coleoptera/*drug effects Pheromones/*pharmacology *Pollination Puerto Rico;"
Notes:		"MedlineJenkins, David A Cline, Andrew R Irish, Brian Goenaga, Ricardo eng Evaluation Study England 2013/03/02 J Econ Entomol. 2013 Feb; 106(1):305-10. doi: 10.1603/ec12316"