| Title: | Challenges and Control Strategies of Odor Emission from Composting Operation |
| Author(s): | Andraskar J; Yadav S; Kapley A; |
| Address: | "Director's Research Cell, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, India. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India. Director's Research Cell, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020, India. a_kapley@neeri.res.in. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India. a_kapley@neeri.res.in" |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s12010-021-03490-3 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1559-0291 (Electronic) 0273-2289 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Composting is a biological decomposition process that occurs from microbial progression, which brings about the degradation and stabilization of various organic waste into compost. During composting, the emission of undesirable odor adversely affects compost quality and causes environmental deterioration. Also, odor emission from composting adversely affects human health and well-being. Ammonia (NH(3)), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) are major components of odorous gases responsible for unpleasant odor. Physiological parameters such as pH, temperature, and aeration affect the pattern of odor emission during the composting process. The lack of techniques for the accurate identification and estimation of odor and control are some major challenges associated with composting. Therefore, the present review article concentrates on challenges and solutions to odor control. Biotrickling filter, optimization of process parameters, usage of additives, microbial inoculation, and pre-treatment techniques are practiced to lower odor emission during the process. The application of metagenomics may provide insight into the various biogeochemical pathways that can be explored in the future for odor control" |
| Keywords: | Air Pollutants/*metabolism Ammonia/*metabolism *Composting Hydrogen Sulfide/*metabolism Odorants/*prevention & control Volatile Organic Compounds/*metabolism Biotrickling filter Composting Greenhouse gas Metagenomics Microbial diversity Odor emission; |
| Notes: | "MedlineAndraskar, Jayanta Yadav, Shailendra Kapley, Atya eng Review 2021/02/27 Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2021 Jul; 193(7):2331-2356. doi: 10.1007/s12010-021-03490-3. Epub 2021 Feb 26" |
