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Gut Microbes

Title:		Killing of VRE Enterococcus faecalis by commensal strains: Evidence for evolution and accumulation of mobile elements in the absence of competition
Author(s):		Gaca AO; Gilmore MS;
Address:		"a Department of Ophthalmology , Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA, USA. b Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology , Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA"
Journal Title:		Gut Microbes
Year:		2016
Volume:		7
Issue:		1
Page Number:		90 - 96
DOI:		10.1080/19490976.2015.1127482
ISSN/ISBN:		1949-0984 (Electronic) 1949-0976 (Print) 1949-0976 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Enterococci are members of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and most animals that, over the past 3 decades, have emerged as leading causes of multidrug resistant hospital acquired infection (HAI). In addition to their general hardiness, many traits have entered enterococcal lineages through horizontal gene transfer, which has led to the evolution of pathogenic hospital-associated lineages uniquely adapted for survival and proliferation in the antibiotic perturbed ecology of the gastrointestinal tract. We recently observed that the accretion of mobile genetic elements in the prototype vancomycin resistant E. faecalis, clinical isolate V583, renders it unable to co-exist with native enterococci in healthy human fecal flora. In this addendum, we discuss how these findings inform our understanding of how multidrug resistant enterococci evolve, and the implications for the development of treatments that limit colonization and spread of highly antibiotic refractory microbes of this type"
Keywords:		"Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/*genetics Enterococcus faecalis/*drug effects/*genetics Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics Gastrointestinal Tract/microbiology *Gene Transfer, Horizontal Humans Interspersed Repetit;"
Notes:		"MedlineGaca, Anthony O Gilmore, Michael S eng R01 AI108710/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ AI083214/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ R01 AI072360/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ AI072360/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ AI108710/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ EY007145/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural 2016/03/05 Gut Microbes. 2016; 7(1):90-6. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2015.1127482"