| Title: | Indoor air contamination during a waterpipe (narghile) smoking session |
| Author(s): | Fromme H; Dietrich S; Heitmann D; Dressel H; Diemer J; Schulz T; Jorres RA; Berlin K; Volkel W; |
| Address: | "Department of Environmental Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinarstrasse 2, D-85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany. hermann.fromme@lgl.bayern.de" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.fct.2009.04.017 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1873-6351 (Electronic) 0278-6915 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The smoke of waterpipe contains numerous substances of health concern, but people mistakenly believe that this smoking method is less harmful and addictive than cigarettes. An experiment was performed in a 57 m3 room on two dates with no smoking on the first date and waterpipe smoking for 4h on the second date. We measured volatile organic compounds (VOC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), metals, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (e.g. NO), as well as particle mass (PM), particle number concentration (PNC) and particle surface area in indoor air. High concentrations were observed for the target analytes during the 4-h smoking event. The median (90th percentile) values of PM(2.5), PNC, CO and NO were 393 (737 microg/m(3)), 289,000 (550,000 particles/cm(3)), 51 (65 ppm) and 0.11 (0.13 ppm), respectively. The particle size distribution has a maximum of particles relating to a diameter of 17 nm. The seven carcinogenic PAH were found to be a factor 2.6 higher during the smoking session compared to the control day. In conclusion, the observed indoor air contamination of different harmful substances during a WP session is high, and exposure may pose a health risk for smokers but in particular for non-smokers who are exposed to ETS" |
| Keywords: | Carbon Monoxide/analysis Gases/analysis Metals/analysis Nitrogen Oxides/analysis Particle Size Particulate Matter/analysis Pilot Projects Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis Smoke/*analysis Smoking/*adverse effects *Tobacco Tobacco Smoke Pollution/*; |
| Notes: | "MedlineFromme, Hermann Dietrich, Silvio Heitmann, Dieter Dressel, Holger Diemer, Jurgen Schulz, Thomas Jorres, Rudolf A Berlin, Knut Volkel, Wolfgang eng England 2009/04/28 Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Jul; 47(7):1636-41. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.04.017. Epub 2009 Apr 24" |
