| Title: | Atmospheric peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN): a global budget and source attribution |
| Author(s): | Fischer EV; Jacob DJ; Yantosca RM; Sulprizio MP; Millet DB; Mao J; Paulot F; Singh HB; Roiger A; Ries L; Talbot RW; Dzepina K; Pandey Deolal S; |
| Address: | "Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. Department of Soil, Water and Climate, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA. Princeton University, GFDL, Princeton, NJ, USA. NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA. Institut fur Physik der Atmosphare, Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA. Federal Environment Agency, GAW Global Station Zugspitze/Hohenpeissenberg, Zugspitze, Germany. Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA. Bluesign Technologies AG, St. Gallen, Switzerland" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1680-7316 (Print) 1680-7324 (Electronic) 1680-7316 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) formed in the atmospheric oxidation of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) is the principal tropospheric reservoir for nitrogen oxide radicals (NO(x) = NO + NO(2)). PAN enables the transport and release of NO(x) to the remote troposphere with major implications for the global distributions of ozone and OH, the main tropospheric oxidants. Simulation of PAN is a challenge for global models because of the dependence of PAN on vertical transport as well as complex and uncertain NMVOC sources and chemistry. Here we use an improved representation of NMVOCs in a global 3-D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) and show that it can simulate PAN observations from aircraft campaigns worldwide. The immediate carbonyl precursors for PAN formation include acetaldehyde (44% of the global source), methylglyoxal (30 %), acetone (7 %), and a suite of other isoprene and terpene oxidation products (19 %). A diversity of NMVOC emissions is responsible for PAN formation globally including isoprene (37 %) and alkanes (14 %). Anthropogenic sources are dominant in the extratropical Northern Hemisphere outside the growing season. Open fires appear to play little role except at high northern latitudes in spring, although results are very sensitive to plume chemistry and plume rise. Lightning NO(x) is the dominant contributor to the observed PAN maximum in the free troposphere over the South Atlantic" |
| Notes: | "PubMed-not-MEDLINEFischer, E V Jacob, D J Yantosca, R M Sulprizio, M P Millet, D B Mao, J Paulot, F Singh, H B Roiger, A Ries, L Talbot, R W Dzepina, K Pandey Deolal, S eng NNX10AG65G/NASA/NASA/ Germany 2014/03/01 Atmos Chem Phys. 2014 Mar; 14(5):2679-2698. doi: 10.5194/acp-14-2679-2014. Epub 2014 Mar 14" |
