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Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj

Title:		Cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases are used by the fungus Podospora anserina to repel nematodes
Author(s):		Ferrari R; Lacaze I; Le Faouder P; Bertrand-Michel J; Oger C; Galano JM; Durand T; Moularat S; Chan Ho Tong L; Boucher C; Kilani J; Petit Y; Vanparis O; Trannoy C; Brun S; Lalucque H; Malagnac F; Silar P;
Address:		"Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain (LIED), Univ. Paris Diderot, Paris F-75205, France. Direction Sante Confort, Division Agents Biologiques et Aerocontaminants, Centre Scientifique et Technique du Batiment (CSTB), 84, avenue Jean Jaures, Marne-la-Vallee Cedex F-77447, France. MetaToul-Lipidomic Core Facility, MetaboHUB, Inserm U1048, Toulouse 31 432, France. Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron, (IBMM), CNRS, ENSCM, Universite de Montpellier, UMR 5247, 15 Av. Ch. Flahault, Montpellier Cedex F-34093, France. Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain (LIED), Univ. Paris Diderot, Paris F-75205, France; Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, CEA, CNRS, Universite Paris-Sud, Orsay 91400, France. Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain (LIED), Univ. Paris Diderot, Paris F-75205, France. Electronic address: philippe.silar@univ-paris-diderot.fr"
Journal Title:		Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj
Year:		2018
Volume:		20180717
Issue:		10
Page Number:		2174 - 2182
DOI:		10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.07.012
ISSN/ISBN:		0304-4165 (Print) 0304-4165 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Oxylipins are secondary messengers used universally in the living world for communication and defense. The paradigm is that they are produced enzymatically for the eicosanoids and non-enzymatically for the isoprostanoids. They are supposed to be degraded into volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and to participate in aroma production. Some such chemicals composed of eight carbons are also envisoned as alternatives to fossil fuels. In fungi, oxylipins have been mostly studied in Aspergilli and shown to be involved in signalling asexual versus sexual development, mycotoxin production and interaction with the host for pathogenic species. Through targeted gene deletions of genes encoding oxylipin-producing enzymes and chemical analysis of oxylipins and volatile organic compounds, we show that in the distantly-related ascomycete Podospora anserina, isoprostanoids are likely produced enzymatically. We show the disappearance in the mutants lacking lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases of the production of 10-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid and that of 1-octen-3-ol, a common volatile compound. Importantly, this was correlated with the inability of the mutants to repel nematodes as efficiently as the wild type. Overall, our data show that in this fungus, oxylipins are not involved in signalling development but may rather be used directly or as precursors in the production of odors against potential agressors. SIGNIFICANCE: We analyzse the role in inter-kingdom communication of lipoxygenase (lox) and cyclooxygenase (cox) genes in the model fungus Podospora anserina. Through chemical analysis we define the oxylipins and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)produce by wild type and mutants for cox and lox genes, We show that the COX and LOX genes are required for the production of some eight carbon VOCs. We show that COX and LOX genes are involved in the production of chemicals repelling nematodes. This role is very different from the ones previously evidenced in other fungi"
Keywords:		"Animals Fungal Proteins/genetics/*metabolism Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal Insect Repellents/*toxicity Lipid Peroxidation Lipoxygenases/genetics/*metabolism Nematoda/drug effects/*immunology Oxylipins/toxicity Podospora/*enzymology Prostaglandin-Endo;"
Notes:		"MedlineFerrari, Roselyne Lacaze, Isabelle Le Faouder, Pauline Bertrand-Michel, Justine Oger, Camille Galano, Jean-Marie Durand, Thierry Moularat, Stephane Chan Ho Tong, Laetitia Boucher, Charlie Kilani, Jaafar Petit, Yohann Vanparis, Oceane Trannoy, Cesar Brun, Sylvain Lalucque, Herve Malagnac, Fabienne Silar, Philippe eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2018/07/22 Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2018 Oct; 1862(10):2174-2182. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.07.012. Epub 2018 Jul 17"