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Microb Ecol

Title:		A Pine in Distress: How Infection by Different Pathogenic Fungi Affect Lodgepole Pine Chemical Defenses
Author(s):		Zaman R; Antonioli F; Shah A; Ullah A; May C; Klutsch JG; Erbilgin N;
Address:		"Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada. rashaduz@ualberta.ca. Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada. Northern Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6H 3S5, Canada"
Journal Title:		Microb Ecol
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230724
Issue:
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.1007/s00248-023-02272-0
ISSN/ISBN:		1432-184X (Electronic) 0095-3628 (Linking)
Abstract:		"In North America, lodgepole pine is frequently subjected to attacks by various biotic agents that compromise its ability to defend against subsequent attacks by insect herbivores. We investigated whether infections of lodgepole pine by different pathogenic fungal species have varying effects on its defense chemistry. We selected two common pathogens, Atropellis canker, Atropellis piniphila, and western gall rust, Endocronartium harknessii, affecting mature lodgepole pine trees in western Canada. We also included three ophiostomatoid fungi Grosmannia clavigera, Ophiostoma montium, and Leptographium longiclavatum associated with the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae), because they are commonly used to investigate induced defenses of host trees of bark beetles. We collected phloem samples from lodgepole pines infected with the rust or the canker and healthy lodgepole pines in the same stand. We also inoculated mature lodgepole pines with the three fungal symbionts and collected phloem samples 2 weeks later when the defense chemistry was at its highest level. Different fungal species differentially altered the terpene chemistry of lodgepole pine trees. E. harknessii and the fungal symbionts altered the terpene chemistry in a similar pattern while trees responded to the infection by the A. piniphila differently. Our study highlights the importance of considering specific biotic stress agents in tree susceptibility or resistance to the subsequent attacks by insect herbivores, such as mountain pine beetle"
Keywords:		Atropellis canker Bark beetles Fungi Metabolites Pinus contorta Symbiosis Western gall rust;
Notes:		"PublisherZaman, Rashaduz Antonioli, Federico Shah, Ateeq Ullah, Aziz May, Courtney Klutsch, Jennifer G Erbilgin, Nadir eng 2023/07/24 Microb Ecol. 2023 Jul 24. doi: 10.1007/s00248-023-02272-0"