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Sci Rep

Title:		Terrestrial arthropods broadly possess endogenous phytohormones auxin and cytokinins
Author(s):		Tokuda M; Suzuki Y; Fujita S; Matsuda H; Adachi-Fukunaga S; Elsayed AK;
Address:		"Department of Biological Resource Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, 840-8502, Japan. tokudam@cc.saga-u.ac.jp. The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan. tokudam@cc.saga-u.ac.jp. Department of Food and Life Sciences, Ibaraki University, Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan. Department of Biological Resource Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga, 840-8502, Japan. The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan. Present address: Koshi Research Station, Institute for Plant Protection, NARO, Kumamoto, 861-1192, Japan"
Journal Title:		Sci Rep
Year:		2022
Volume:		20220319
Issue:		1
Page Number:		4750 -
DOI:		10.1038/s41598-022-08558-6
ISSN/ISBN:		2045-2322 (Electronic) 2045-2322 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Some herbivorous insects possess the ability to synthesize phytohormones and are considered to use them for manipulating their host plants, but how these insects acquired the ability remains unclear. We investigated endogenous levels of auxin (IAA) and cytokinins (iP and tZ), including their ribosides (iPR and tZR), in various terrestrial arthropod taxa. Surprisingly, IAA was detected in all arthropods analysed. In contrast, tZ and/or tZR was detected only in some taxa. Endogenous levels of IAA were not significantly different among groups with different feeding habits, but gall inducers possessed significantly higher levels of iPR, tZ and tZR. Ancestral state reconstruction of the ability to synthesize tZ and tZR revealed that the trait has only been acquired in taxa containing gall inducers. Our results strongly suggest critical role of the cytokinin synthetic ability in the evolution of gall-inducing habit and IAA has some function in arthropods"
Keywords:		Animals *Arthropods *Cytokinins Indoleacetic Acids Plant Growth Regulators Plants;
Notes:		"MedlineTokuda, Makoto Suzuki, Yoshihito Fujita, Shohei Matsuda, Hiroki Adachi-Fukunaga, Shuhei Elsayed, Ayman Khamis eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2022/03/21 Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 19; 12(1):4750. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-08558-6"