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Proc Nutr Soc

Title:		Adipose tissue metabolism and its role in adaptations to undernutrition in ruminants
Author(s):		Chilliard Y; Ferlay A; Faulconnier Y; Bonnet M; Rouel J; Bocquier F;
Address:		"Adipose Tissue and Milk Lipids Team of the Research Unit on Herbivores, INRA - Theix, 63122 St Genes Champanelle, France. Yves.Chilliard@clermont.inra.fr"
Journal Title:		Proc Nutr Soc
Year:		2000
Volume:		59
Issue:		1
Page Number:		127 - 134
DOI:		10.1017/s002966510000015x
ISSN/ISBN:		0029-6651 (Print) 0029-6651 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Changes in the amount and metabolism of adipose tissue (AT) occur in underfed ruminants, and are amplified during lactation, or in fat animals. The fat depot of the tail of some ovine breeds seems to play a particular role in adaptation to undernutrition; this role could be linked to its smaller adipocytes and high sensitivity to the lipolytic effect of catecholamines. Glucocorticoids and growth hormone probably interact to induce teleophoretic changes in the AT responses to adenosine and catecholamines during lactation. Fat mobilization in dry ewes is related both to body fatness and to energy balance. The in vivo beta-adrenergic lipolytic potential is primarily related to energy balance, whereas basal postprandial plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) are related to body fatness, and preprandial plasma NEFA is the best predictor of the actual body lipid loss. Several mechanisms seem to be aimed at avoiding excessive fat mobilization and/or insuring a return to the body fatness homeostatic set point. As well as providing the underfed animal with fatty acids as oxidative fuels, AT acts as an endocrine gland. The yield of leptin by ruminant AT is positively related to body fatness, decreased by underfeeding, beta-adrenergic stimulation and short day length, and increased by insulin and glucocorticoids. This finding suggests that the leptin chronic (or acute) decrease in lean (or underfed respectively) ruminants is, as in rodents, a signal for endocrine, metabolic and behavioural adaptations aimed at restoring homeostasis"
Keywords:		"*Adaptation, Physiological Adipose Tissue/*metabolism Animals Body Composition Female Lactation Lipids/biosynthesis Lipolysis Nutrition Disorders/metabolism/*veterinary *Ruminants;"
Notes:		"MedlineChilliard, Y Ferlay, A Faulconnier, Y Bonnet, M Rouel, J Bocquier, F eng Review England 2000/05/29 Proc Nutr Soc. 2000 Feb; 59(1):127-34. doi: 10.1017/s002966510000015x"