| Title: | "Volatile organic compounds from residential solid fuel burning in Guanzhong Plain, China: Source-related profiles and risks" |
| Author(s): | Sun J; Wang J; Shen Z; Huang Y; Zhang Y; Niu X; Cao J; Zhang Q; Xu H; Zhang N; Li X; |
| Address: | "School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China. NICU, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, 710003, China. Electronic address: jinhuiwang75@163.com. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China. Electronic address: zxshen@mail.xjtu.edu.cn. Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710049, China. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China. Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710049, China; The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.002 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1879-1298 (Electronic) 0045-6535 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Characteristics of indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their health risks were investigated in kitchens and bedrooms during the heating season in rural Guanzhong Plain, China. Toxic-VOC concentrations in kitchens with traditional wood (299?ª++/-?ª+38.8?ª+mug?ª+m(-3)) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stoves (187?ª++/-?ª+54.6?ª+mug?ª+m(-3)) were considerably higher than those in bedrooms. High levels of toxic VOCs in traditional kitchens were strongly correlated with wood combustion (R?ª+=?ª+0.72). The coefficient of determination of VOC profiles between the kitchen and wood combustion was 0.27, indicating that VOCs in traditional kitchens are mainly derived from wood combustion. For women, who do most of the cooking, noncancer risk from exposure to toxic VOCs could reach 7600 and 2550 in traditional and LPG kitchens, respectively. Noncancer risks were much lower in bedrooms than in kitchens, but still two orders of magnitude higher than the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) threshold. Cancer risk from exposure to VOCs for women was 8.98?ª+x?ª+10(-4) and 1.67?ª+x?ª+10(-4) in both traditional and LPG kitchens, respectively, and ranged from 2.51?ª+x?ª+10(-6) to 3.85?ª+x?ª+10(-5) in bedrooms-all exceeding the USEPA threshold. Thus, during the heating season indicated that the rural Guanzhong residents were exposed to toxic VOCs from indoor heating and cooking at levels higher than the recommended safety levels. Moreover, traditional cooking and heating styles in rural Guanzhong need to be urgently updated to improve the indoor air quality for residents" |
| Keywords: | "Air Pollutants/analysis Air Pollution, Indoor/*analysis China *Cooking Female Heating/*adverse effects Housing Humans Petroleum/adverse effects Seasons United States Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis Wood/adverse effects Health risk assessment Heating;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineSun, Jian Wang, Jinhui Shen, Zhenxing Huang, Yu Zhang, Yue Niu, Xinyi Cao, Junji Zhang, Qian Xu, Hongmei Zhang, Ningning Li, Xuxiang eng England 2019/01/15 Chemosphere. 2019 Apr; 221:184-192. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.002. Epub 2019 Jan 4" |
