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Environ Sci Technol

Title:		Time-weighted average SPME analysis for in planta determination of cVOCs
Author(s):		Sheehan EM; Limmer MA; Mayer P; Karlson UG; Burken JG;
Address:		"Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri, United States"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Technol
Year:		2012
Volume:		20120301
Issue:		6
Page Number:		3319 - 3325
DOI:		10.1021/es2041898
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking)
Abstract:		"The potential of phytoscreening for plume delineation at contaminated sites has promoted interest in innovative, sensitive contaminant sampling techniques. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) methods have been developed, offering quick, undemanding, noninvasive sampling without the use of solvents. In this study, time-weighted average SPME (TWA-SPME) sampling was evaluated for in planta quantification of chlorinated solvents. TWA-SPME was found to have increased sensitivity over headspace and equilibrium SPME sampling. Using a variety of chlorinated solvents and a polydimethylsiloxane/carboxen (PDMS/CAR) SPME fiber, most compounds exhibited near linear or linear uptake over the sampling period. Smaller, less hydrophobic compounds exhibited more nonlinearity than larger, more hydrophobic molecules. Using a specifically designed in planta sampler, field sampling was conducted at a site contaminated with chlorinated solvents. Sampling with TWA-SPME produced instrument responses ranging from 5 to over 200 times higher than headspace tree core sampling. This work demonstrates that TWA-SPME can be used for in planta detection of a broad range of chlorinated solvents and methods can likely be applied to other volatile and semivolatile organic compounds"
Keywords:		"Dimethylpolysiloxanes Environmental Monitoring/instrumentation/*methods Environmental Pollutants/*analysis Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/*analysis Solid Phase Microextraction Solvents/analysis *Trees Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis;"
Notes:		"MedlineSheehan, Emily M Limmer, Matt A Mayer, Philipp Karlson, Ulrich Gosewinkel Burken, Joel G eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2012/02/16 Environ Sci Technol. 2012 Mar 20; 46(6):3319-25. doi: 10.1021/es2041898. Epub 2012 Mar 1"