| Title: | An Overview of the Factors Involved in Biofilm Production by the Enterococcus Genus |
| Author(s): | Schiopu P; Toc DA; Colosi IA; Costache C; Ruospo G; Berar G; Galbau SG; Ghilea AC; Botan A; Pana AG; Neculicioiu VS; Todea DA; |
| Address: | "Department of Microbiology, 'Iuliu Hatieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Department of Pneumology, 'Iuliu Hatieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400332 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Faculty of Medicine, 'Iuliu Hatieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1422-0067 (Electronic) 1422-0067 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Enterococcus species are known for their ability to form biofilms, which contributes to their survival in extreme environments and involvement in persistent bacterial infections, especially in the case of multi-drug-resistant strains. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying biofilm formation in clinically important species such as Enterococcus faecalis and the less studied but increasingly multi-drug-resistant Enterococcus faecium, and explores potential strategies for their eradication. Biofilm formation in Enterococcus involves a complex interplay of genes and virulence factors, including gelatinase, cytolysin, Secreted antigen A, pili, microbial surface components that recognize adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs), and DNA release. Quorum sensing, a process of intercellular communication, mediated by peptide pheromones such as Cob, Ccf, and Cpd, plays a crucial role in coordinating biofilm development by targeting gene expression and regulation. Additionally, the regulation of extracellular DNA (eDNA) release has emerged as a fundamental component in biofilm formation. In E. faecalis, the autolysin N-acetylglucosaminidase and proteases such as gelatinase and serin protease are key players in this process, influencing biofilm development and virulence. Targeting eDNA may offer a promising avenue for intervention in biofilm-producing E. faecalis infections. Overall, gaining insights into the intricate mechanisms of biofilm formation in Enterococcus may provide directions for anti-biofilm therapeutic research, with the purpose of reducing the burden of Enterococcus-associated infections" |
| Keywords: | *Enterococcus/genetics/metabolism *Biofilms Enterococcus faecalis/metabolism Quorum Sensing Gelatinases/metabolism Bacterial Proteins/genetics/metabolism MSCRAMMs antibiotic resistance biofilm formation enterococcus extracellular DNA (eDNA) pheromone sign; |
| Notes: | "MedlineSchiopu, Pavel Toc, Dan Alexandru Colosi, Ioana Alina Costache, Carmen Ruospo, Giuseppe Berar, George Galbau, Stefan-Gabriel Ghilea, Alexandra Cristina Botan, Alexandru Pana, Adrian-Gabriel Neculicioiu, Vlad Sever Todea, Doina Adina eng Review Switzerland 2023/07/29 Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 18; 24(14):11577. doi: 10.3390/ijms241411577" |
