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Sci Rep

Title:		"The pathophysiology of bile acid diarrhoea: differences in the colonic microbiome, metabolome and bile acids"
Author(s):		Sagar NM; Duboc H; Kay GL; Alam MT; Wicaksono AN; Covington JA; Quince C; Kokkorou M; Svolos V; Palmieri LJ; Gerasimidis K; Walters JRF; Arasaradnam RP;
Address:		"Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK. Louis Mourier Hospital, DHU Unity APHP, and Inserm UMR 1149, Team BADO, UFR de Medecine Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK. School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK. School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK. Division of Digestive Diseases, Imperial College London, and Imperial College Healthcare, London, W12 0HS, UK. Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK. r.arasaradnam@warwick.ac.uk. Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK. r.arasaradnam@warwick.ac.uk. Biological Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK. r.arasaradnam@warwick.ac.uk"
Journal Title:		Sci Rep
Year:		2020
Volume:		20201124
Issue:		1
Page Number:		20436 -
DOI:		10.1038/s41598-020-77374-7
ISSN/ISBN:		2045-2322 (Electronic) 2045-2322 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Bile acid diarrhoea (BAD) is a common disorder resulting from increased loss of bile acids (BAs), overlapping irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS-D). The gut microbiota metabolises primary BAs to secondary BAs, with differing impacts on metabolism and homeostasis. The aim of this study was to profile the microbiome, metabolic products and bile acids in BAD. Patients with BAD diagnosed by SeHCAT testing, were compared with other IBS-D patients, and healthy controls. Faecal 16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis was undertaken. Faecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured. BAs were quantified in serum and faeces. Faecal bacterial diversity was significantly reduced in patients with BAD. Several taxa were enriched compared to IBS-D. SCFA amounts differed in BAD, controls and IBS-D, with significantly more propionate in BAD. Separation of VOC profiles was evident, but the greatest discrimination was between IBS-D and controls. Unconjugated and primary BA in serum and faeces were significantly higher in BAD. The faecal percentage primary BA was inversely related to SeHCAT. BAD produces dysbiosis, with metabolite differences, including VOC, SCFA and primary BAs when compared to IBS-D. These findings provide new mechanistic insights into the pathophysiology of BAD"
Keywords:		"Bacteria/*classification/genetics/isolation & purification Bile Acids and Salts/*analysis/blood/*metabolism Case-Control Studies DNA, Bacterial/genetics DNA, Ribosomal/genetics Diarrhea/metabolism/microbiology/*pathology Fatty Acids, Volatile/analysis Fec;"
Notes:		"MedlineSagar, Nidhi M Duboc, Henri Kay, Gemma L Alam, Mohammad T Wicaksono, Alfian N Covington, James A Quince, Christopher Kokkorou, Margarita Svolos, Vaios Palmieri, Lola J Gerasimidis, Konstantinos Walters, Julian R F Arasaradnam, Ramesh P eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2020/11/26 Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 24; 10(1):20436. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77374-7"