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Plant Physiol

Title:		Volatile Semiochemicals Released from Undamaged Cotton Leaves (A Systemic Response of Living Plants to Caterpillar Damage)
Author(s):		Rose U; Manukian A; Heath RR; Tumlinson JH;
Address:		"Insect Attractants, Behavior and Basic Biology Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 1700 Southwest 23rd Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32604"
Journal Title:		Plant Physiol
Year:		1996
Volume:		111
Issue:		2
Page Number:		487 - 495
DOI:		10.1104/pp.111.2.487
ISSN/ISBN:		1532-2548 (Electronic) 0032-0889 (Print) 0032-0889 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L.), attacked by herbivorous insects release volatile semiochemicals (chemical signals) that attract natural enemies of the herbivores to the damaged plants. We found chemical evidence that volatiles are released not only at the damaged site but from the entire cotton plant. The release of volatiles was detected from upper, undamaged leaves after 2 to 3 d of continuous larval damage on lower leaves of the same plant. Compounds released systemically were (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (E)-[beta]-ocimene, linalool, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, (E)-[beta]-farnesene, (E,E)-[alpha]-farnesene, and (E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene. All systemically released compounds are known to be induced by caterpillar damage and are not released in significant amounts by undamaged plants. Other compounds, specifically indole, isomeric hexenyl butyrates, and 2-methylbutyrates, known to be released by cotton in response to caterpillar damage, were not released systemically. However, when upper, undamaged leaves of a caterpillar-damaged plant were damaged with a razor blade, they released isomeric hexenyl butyrates, 2-methylbutyrates, and large amounts of constitutive compounds in addition to the previously detected induced compounds. Control plants, damaged with a razor blade in the same way, did not release isomeric hexenyl butyrates or 2-methylbutyrates and released significantly smaller amounts of constitutive compounds. Indole was not released systemically, even after artificial damage"
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Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINERose, USR Manukian, A Heath, R R Tumlinson, J H eng 1996/06/01 Plant Physiol. 1996 Jun; 111(2):487-495. doi: 10.1104/pp.111.2.487"