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Int J Mol Sci

Title:		Regulation of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta(5)-Delta(4) isomerase: a review
Author(s):		Rasmussen MK; Ekstrand B; Zamaratskaia G;
Address:		"Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark"
Journal Title:		Int J Mol Sci
Year:		2013
Volume:		20130902
Issue:		9
Page Number:		17926 - 17942
DOI:		10.3390/ijms140917926
ISSN/ISBN:		1422-0067 (Electronic) 1422-0067 (Linking)
Abstract:		"This review focuses on the expression and regulation of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta(5)-Delta(4) isomerase (3beta-HSD), with emphasis on the porcine version. 3beta-HSD is often associated with steroidogenesis, but its function in the metabolism of both steroids and xenobiotics is more obscure. Based on currently available literature covering humans, rodents and pigs, this review provides an overview of the present knowledge concerning the regulatory mechanisms for 3beta-HSD at all omic levels. The HSD isoenzymes are essential in steroid hormone metabolism, both in the synthesis and degradation of steroids. They display tissue-specific expression and factors influencing their activity, which therefore indicates their tissue-specific responses. 3beta-HSD is involved in the synthesis of a number of natural steroid hormones, including progesterone and testosterone, and the hepatic degradation of the pheromone androstenone. In general, a number of signaling and regulatory pathways have been demonstrated to influence 3beta-HSD transcription and activity, e.g., JAK-STAT, LH/hCG, ERalpha, AR, SF-1 and PPARalpha. The expression and enzymic activity of 3beta-HSD are also influenced by external factors, such as dietary composition. Much of the research conducted on porcine 3beta-HSD is motivated by its importance for the occurrence of the boar taint phenomenon that results from high concentrations of steroids such as androstenone. This topic is also examined in this review"
Keywords:		17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases/genetics/*metabolism Animals Gonadal Steroid Hormones/metabolism Humans Isomerases/genetics/*metabolism Swine;
Notes:		"MedlineRasmussen, Martin Kroyer Ekstrand, Bo Zamaratskaia, Galia eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review Switzerland 2013/09/05 Int J Mol Sci. 2013 Sep 2; 14(9):17926-42. doi: 10.3390/ijms140917926"