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J Evol Biol

Title:		Ontogenetic change in effectiveness of chemical defence against different predators in Oxycarenus true bugs
Author(s):		Raska J; Chalusova K; Krajicek J; Cabala R; Bosakova Z; Stys P; Exnerova A;
Address:		"Department of Zoology, Charles University Faculty of Science, Praha, Czech Republic. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Charles University Faculty of Science, Praha, Czech Republic"
Journal Title:		J Evol Biol
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230710
Issue:		7
Page Number:		1050 - 1064
DOI:		10.1111/jeb.14195
ISSN/ISBN:		1420-9101 (Electronic) 1010-061X (Linking)
Abstract:		"Many prey species change their antipredator defence during ontogeny, which may be connected to different potential predators over the life cycle of the prey. To test this hypothesis, we compared reactions of two predator taxa - spiders and birds - to larvae and adults of two invasive true bug species, Oxycarenus hyalinipennis and Oxycarenus lavaterae (Heteroptera: Oxycarenidae) with life-stage-specific chemical defence mechanisms. The reactions to larvae and adults of both true bug species strikingly differed between the two predator taxa. The spiders were deterred by the defences of adult bugs, but the larval defences were ineffective against them. By contrast, birds attacked the larvae considerably less often than the adult bugs. The results indicate a predator-specific ontogenetic change in defence effectiveness of both Oxycarenus species. The change in defence is likely linked to the life-stage-specific composition of secretions in both species: whereas secretions of larvae are dominated by unsaturated aldehydes, secretions of adults are rich in terpenoids, which probably serve dual function of defensive chemicals and pheromones. Our results highlight the variation in defence between different life stages and the importance of testing responses of different types of predators"
Keywords:		Animals *Heteroptera/physiology Larva Birds Aldehydes Predatory Behavior Heteroptera Oxycarenidae Salticidae avoidance learning predation spiders;
Notes:		"MedlineRaska, Jan Chalusova, Katerina Krajicek, Jan Cabala, Radomir Bosakova, Zuzana Stys, Pavel Exnerova, Alice eng 19-09323S/Grantova Agentura Ceske Republiky/ 505/11/1459/Grantova Agentura Ceske Republiky/ Switzerland 2023/07/10 J Evol Biol. 2023 Jul; 36(7):1050-1064. doi: 10.1111/jeb.14195. Epub 2023 Jul 10"