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J Environ Monit

Title:		Ship particulate pollutants: characterization in terms of environmental implication
Author(s):		Popovicheva O; Kireeva E; Shonija N; Zubareva N; Persiantseva N; Tishkova V; Demirdjian B; Moldanova J; Mogilnikov V;
Address:		"SINP, Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia"
Journal Title:		J Environ Monit
Year:		2009
Volume:		20090922
Issue:		11
Page Number:		2077 - 2086
DOI:		10.1039/b908180a
ISSN/ISBN:		1464-0333 (Electronic) 1464-0325 (Linking)
Abstract:		"A major aspect of monitoring the atmosphere is the quantification of man-made pollution and their interactions with the environment. Key physico-chemical characteristics of diesel exhaust particulates of sea-going ship emissions are presented with respect to morphology, microstructure, and chemical composition. Heavy fuel oil (HFO)-derived particles exhibit extremely complex chemistry. They demonstrate three distinct morphological structures with different chemical composition, namely soot, char and mineral/ash. The composition analysis investigates the content of environmentally-dangerous pollutants: metals, inorganic/mineral species, and soluble, volatile organic and ionic compounds. It is found that hazardous constituents from HFO combustion, such as transitional and alkali earth metals (V, Ni, Ca, Fe) and their soluble or insoluble chemical forms (sulfides, sulfates, oxides, carbides), are released together with particles into the atmosphere. The water soluble fraction, more than 27 wt%, is dominated by sulfates and calcium cations. They cause the high hygroscopicity of ship exhaust particles and their possible ability to act as cloud nuclei in humid marine environment"
Keywords:		Environmental Monitoring/methods Fuel Oils/*analysis *Humidity Particle Size Particulate Matter/*analysis *Ships Solubility Soot/chemistry Vehicle Emissions/analysis Water Pollutants/*analysis;
Notes:		"MedlinePopovicheva, O Kireeva, E Shonija, N Zubareva, N Persiantseva, N Tishkova, V Demirdjian, B Moldanova, J Mogilnikov, V eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2009/11/06 J Environ Monit. 2009 Nov; 11(11):2077-86. doi: 10.1039/b908180a. Epub 2009 Sep 22"