| Title: | Rapid Monitoring of Pharmacological Volatiles of Night-Flowering Evening-Primrose According to Flower Opening or Closing by Fast Gas Chromatography/Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor (Electronic zNose) |
| Address: | "Department of Food Science & Technology, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, 42601, South Korea" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1099-1565 (Electronic) 0958-0344 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "INTRODUCTION: Aroma is important in night-flowering species, as visually they can not be observed well. Thus, the analysis of the volatiles of evening-primrose is of great interest in biological fields and therapy. Furthermore, the analysis of volatiles demands rapid and simple procedure, because volatiles decompose. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to show the rapid monitoring of the volatiles of evening-primrose according to the flowering or closing by fast gas chromatography/surface acoustic wave GC/SAW. Moreover, calibration according to the sensor temperature of the GC/SAW was performed, achieving a high reproducibility and excellent sensitivity. METHODOLOGY: GC/SAW is an effective analytical method that provides on-line measurements without pretreatment of sample. Headspace solid-phase micro-extraction coupled to gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and dynamic headspace trapping and extraction with GC-MS were employed to confirm the identification of the volatiles of evening-primrose compared to GC/SAW. RESULTS: Linalool was found to be the dominant component, comprising 96.4-25.2% of the total amount, according to the opening or closing. Interestingly, the amount of indole also varied according to the opening or closing (3.0-0.0%) such as linalool. Also, while the sensitivity increased with the reduction in the sensor temperature of the GC/SAW, the reproducibility showed a tendency to decrease. CONCLUSION: The results showed that flower opening is related to the volatiles emission, which is pharmacological and plant defensive. GC/SAW can be a useful analytical method for the rapid monitoring of volatiles of evening-primrose according to the opening or closing as it provides second unit analysis, as well as simple, and aroma pattern recognition. Copyright (c) 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd" |
| Keywords: | *Acoustics Acyclic Monoterpenes Calibration Flowers/*chemistry Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/*methods Limit of Detection Monoterpenes/analysis *Odorants Oenothera biennis/*chemistry Reference Standards Reproducibility of Results Solid Phase Microex; |
| Notes: | "MedlineOh, Se Yeon eng England 2017/12/28 Phytochem Anal. 2018 May; 29(3):275-283. doi: 10.1002/pca.2740. Epub 2017 Dec 26" |
