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PLoS One

Title:		Resin acids as inducible chemical defences of pine seedlings against chewing insects
Author(s):		Lopez-Goldar X; Lundborg L; Borg-Karlson AK; Zas R; Sampedro L;
Address:		"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America. Mision Biologica de Galicia (MBG-CSIC), Pontevedra, Galicia, Spain. Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden"
Journal Title:		PLoS One
Year:		2020
Volume:		20200501
Issue:		5
Page Number:		e0232692 -
DOI:		10.1371/journal.pone.0232692
ISSN/ISBN:		1932-6203 (Electronic) 1932-6203 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Inducibility of defences in response to biotic stimuli is considered an important trait in plant resistance. In conifers, previous research has mostly focused on the inducibility of the volatile fraction of the oleoresin (mono- and sesquiterpenes), leaving the inducibility of the non-volatile resin acids largely unexplored, particularly in response to real herbivory. Here we investigated the differences in the inducibility of resin acids in two pine species, one native from Europe (Pinus pinaster Ait.) and another from North America (Pinus radiata D. Don), in response to wounding by two European insects: a bark chewer, the pine weevil (Hylobius abietis L.), and a defoliator, the pine processionary caterpillar (Thaumetopoea pityocampa Schiff.). We quantified the constitutive (control) and induced concentrations of resin acids in the stem and needles of both pine species by gas chromatography techniques. Both pine species strongly increased the concentration of resin acids in the stem after pine weevil feeding, although the response was greater in P. pinaster than in P. radiata. However, systemic defensive responses in the needles were negligible in both pine species after pine weevil feeding in the stem. On the other hand, P. radiata locally reduced the resin acid concentration in the needles after pine caterpillar feeding, whereas in P. pinaster resin acid concentration was apparently unaffected. Nevertheless, systemic induction of resin acids was only observed in the stem of P. pinaster in response to pine caterpillar feeding. In summary, pine induced responses were found highly compartmentalized, and specific to herbivore identity. Particularly, plant defence suppression mechanisms by the pine caterpillar, and ontogenetic factors might be potentially affecting the induced response of resin acids in both pine species"
Keywords:		"Acids/metabolism Animals *Herbivory Moths/*physiology Pinus/*physiology Resins, Plant/*metabolism Seedlings/*physiology Weevils/*physiology;"
Notes:		"MedlineLopez-Goldar, Xose Lundborg, Lina Borg-Karlson, Anna Karin Zas, Rafael Sampedro, Luis eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2020/05/02 PLoS One. 2020 May 1; 15(5):e0232692. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232692. eCollection 2020"